434 State Horticultural Society. 



The disease spreads best during warm, moist weather. On the 

 flowers a sHght discoloration appears, which soon spreads until they 

 become brown and much withered. This is particularly the case dur- 

 ing wet springs. On the fruits a brownish discoloration forms, and 

 within a few hours causes the decay of the affected fruit. The epider- 

 mis becomes ruptured in many places, and small greyish tufts of spores 

 appear. These, spread to other plants or parts, cause a new infection. 

 The fruits dry up and become mummified. These mummied fruits, if 

 allowed to remain until spring, produce small dark trumpet-shaped bodies, 

 on the broad end of which are borne spores which start the disease in 

 the new season. The twigs are also apt to be infected and killed by 

 the mycelium of the fungus growing down into them from the infected 

 flowers and fruits. Small cankers may result. 



All infected parts should be removed from the tree and destroyed. 

 Bordeaux mixture should be used just before the buds open ; just before 

 and after blooming, and about two weeks later. A solution of ammonium 

 copper carbonate should be used when the fruit begins to ripen. 



LEJVF SPOT. SHOT-HOLE FUNGUS. 



Cylindrosporium padi Karst. 



The leaf spot or shot-hole fungus is very prevalent in the cherry 

 and plum. It attacks only the leaves. Numerous small purplish spots 

 appear on their upper surface. On the under surface of the spots may 

 be seen small pustules containing small pinkish masses of spores, which 

 spread the disease. 



These spots of dead tissue separate from the healthy tissue and drop 

 out, leaving small holes which suggest the name shot-hole fungus. In 

 extreme cases the fungus may kill the entire leaf, causing it to fall pre- 

 maturely. 



Bordeaux should be applied as soon as the leaves are well out, and 

 several times afterwards, at intervals of a few weeks. 



BLACK KNOT. 



PlozurigJitia morbosa (Schzv.) Sacc. 



The black knot grows very abundantly on plums and cherries. It is 

 characterized by the occurrence of black, warty, gall-like bodies on the 

 twigs and branches, and in severe cases, on the trunks. These bodies 

 are elongated, irregular, and of two or three times the thickness of the 



