ANBIAL GROWTH AND NUTRITION. 273 



building. In an adjoining building, and attached to it, is 

 another barn, which I use for a carriage-house. Under that 

 carriage-house I had a root-cellar. I have been in the habit 

 heretofore of raising roots, and feeding them to my cattle ; 

 and I had a good root-cellar stoned up eight feet deep. I 

 dug one-half of that cellar eight feet deeper. The earth was 

 hard-pan, sufficiently strong and tenacious to support the 

 walls with the burden placed upon them by digging eight 

 feet deeper. In digging that cellar, I found stones enough 

 in the gravel, which I threw one side, suitable to be used in 

 making concrete, as I call it ; and in that same cellar was 

 gravel just suitable to mix with cement ; and, when I got 

 down to the bottom, I struck a spring of water: so that I 

 had all the materials there, except the cement, with which 

 to go on and build the walls of the silo. The gravel that I 

 carted out I needed to make roads with. It was worth all 

 that it cost to dig it out for use on roads. So you see I got 

 paid for digging out the gravel by the gravel itself. I would 

 be glad to dig out anybody's silo, where there was gravel, if 

 I covild have the gravel ; and the stones I found in the gravel 

 were sufficient to use in the wall. The gravel that was 

 there was just the right material to mix with cement, and I 

 found the water in the bottom to mix it with. So you see, 

 that, no matter how hard it stormed, I and my men could go 

 in there, and build up that silo. 



Now, since I have built the silo, I have removed my cows 

 from the barn-floor to the basement. It is not a barn-cellar, 

 because it is above ground, but it is a basement. I have an 

 airy, well-lighted room in this basement. I have a little rail- 

 way from where my cows are to the silo (which is thirty feet 

 off), and a truck ; and on it is a box that I fill from the silo, 

 and then roll along on this truck on the railway in front of 

 the cows, and feed it out to them. 



Mr. Slade. Is the top of the silo on a level with the 

 floor on which the cows feed ? 



Mr. Ware. No, sir. The top of the silo is on a level 

 with the sill of the barn. The cows are in the basement, 

 which Innings them six feet below the sill of tlie barn. You 

 remember I said I only used one-half of the barn-cellar for 

 the silo. I left a door opening into the other half, which 

 makes a level from the bottom of that door about half way 



