12 EXPERIMENTS ON THE APPLE WITH SOME NEW FUNGICIDES. 



was not so noticeable on the York Imperial; in fact, it was scarcely- 

 apparent on that variety. On the Yellow Newtown spra3nng with 

 copper sulphid resulted in bright-green and apparently slightly belated 

 fruit of such a nature as probably not to be objectionable in that 

 variety. Although the fruit of the Ben Davis was fine looking, it was 

 not quite so brilliant in appearance as that on the lime-sulphur plat. 

 Possibly it might have improved by hanging on the trees a week 

 longer and getting somewhat riper. 



On the other hand, the foliage on the iron-sulphid plat was hand- 

 somer than that on any of the other plats. It was darker green and, 

 as was afterwards found, it hung on longer than that in any other 

 part of the orchard. During the summer the spray stuck so tightly 

 and was so abundant as to give the trees a brownish appearance, but 

 this wore off at picking time, resulting in a remarkably fine dark- 

 green appearance of the leaves. The twigs were also more stocky 

 and the fruit buds plumper on these trees, although the self-boiled 

 lime-sulphur was a close rival in this respect. This fine appearance 

 of the twigs and buds was undoubtedly produced by the excellent 

 foliage. 



Plat 10, arsenate of lead {used alone). — This spray gave excellent 

 results, not only in its absence of injurious effects on the foliage and 

 fruit but in preventing fungous diseases. The injury was marked 

 zero throughout. No injury could be found that was due to spraying 

 or that was in any wa}'' abnormal. The slight stem russeting, as with 

 the iron sulphid, was considered natural water russeting. Further- 

 more, the spraying seemed to protect the fruits from the fly-speck, 

 the smut fungus, and the fruit spots, just as in the case of the other 

 mixtures. On the leaves, however, a few spots of cedar rust and 

 leaf-spot were found, 1 per cent on the Ben Davis, 1 per cent on the 

 Yellow Newtown, and 3 per cent on the York Imperial. 



On the whole, the plat sprayed with arsenate of lead compared very 

 favorably with the better plats. The leaves did not have such a 

 handsome and dark-green appearance as those on the iron-sulphid 

 plat, nor even as those on the self-boiled lime-sulphur plat. The 

 foliage, however, seemed to be perfectly natural, making it appear 

 that the extra-good plats were stimulated by the fungicides. 



Plat 11. — No records were taken of plat 11, as unfortunately it 

 received bv accident some of the treatment with 2-3-50 Bordeaux 

 mixture and arsenate of lead in spraying the surrounding orchard. 



Remainder of the orcliard. — The mixture used in the remainder of 

 the orchard was a diluted Bordeaux mixture, 2-3-50 (2 pounds of 

 bluestone, 3 pounds of lime, and 50 gallons of water), to which were 

 added 2 pounds of arsenate of lead. This gave good results on the 

 Yellow Newtown and the York Imperial, particularly on the latter 



[Cir. 58] 



