SECRETARY'S PORTFOLIO. 357 



mid golden crowned wrens), nuthatclies and creepers (black, white and brown), 

 wrens, martins (swallows), vireos (grcenlets), tanagers, finches, song sparrow, 

 chipping sparrow, field sparrow, clay colored sparrow, black throated bunting, 

 indigo bird, cardinal grosbeak, ground robin (chewink), black birds (crow, 

 bobolinks, meadow lark and others), all the lly-catcliers (including king 

 birds and pcewee), cuckoos, nighthawks (goat suckers and whip-poor-wills), 

 swifts (chimney swallows), all the woodpeckers except the yellow billed — 

 Spliyropicus varius — (known in central and northern Illinois as the sap- 

 sucker), and, perhaps, the large red-headed woodpecker — Melanerpes erythro- 

 cejjJialus — plovers, prairie snipe (prairie plover), quail. 



Destructive birds. — Cedar birds, Baltimore oriole (hanging bird), larger 

 owls, hawks, and the yellow-billed woodpecker (sap-sucker of central and 

 northern Illinois). This species is distinguished from the other small wood- 

 peckers by its pale yellowish breast, a large patch of black upon the upper 

 part of the breast; the throat of the male is a bright red, and that of the 

 female is white; the adults, both male and female, have the top of the head 

 also red. 



Birds of doubtful utility. — The following are birds whose habits are not 

 sufficiently known to justify full recommendation, and whose habits are some- 

 times beneficial and sometimes injurious : Thrushes — including the common 

 robin, cat bird, mocking bird, brown thrasher, wood thrush, tawny thrush, 

 and hermit thrush. Shrikes — including the great northern shrike and white 

 rumpled shrike (butcher bird), Savannah bunting, crow, blue-jay, red-headed 

 woodpecker, saw-whet owl, screech owl, horned lark, orchard oriole, and 

 pigeons. 



INSECTS AND DISEASES. 



GRAPEVINE FLEA-BEETLE. 



Prof. Cook gives the following remedy for the larva? of the grapevine flea- 

 beetle : 



Dusting the leaves with lime is said to destroy the grubs. Hellebore and 

 Paris green will certainly do so, though they are poisons and require much 

 care. These may be mixed with ashes and dusted on or put on with a sprink- 

 ler, after mixing with water. With ashes mix one of hellebore to five of 

 ashes, or one of Paris green to 30 of ashes. With water use tablespoonful of 

 powder to two gallons. Use the green with great care. The insects will be 

 ofone in about two weeks. 



MICHIGAN APPLES— THEIR FREEDOM FROM INSECTS— A QUESTION 



FROM KANSAS. 



The following question and answer are from the Farm Department of the 

 Detroit Free Press : 



I have noticed in our markets that the shipments of apples from your State 



