SUMMER MEETING, 1870. 89 



from New York, tlio Baldwin grows less and less valuable. Its natural terri- 

 tory stops at Lake Michigan and a little south of our state, lie did not under- 

 stand the reason of this, — wliy it sliould not be as successful here, under 

 apparently tlie same conditions, as in New York and New England, it could 

 be raised in Michigan, but not so certain as fartlier east, — it grows a little 

 larcfer, too. 



Mr. Buell, of Kalamazoo, said ho was conversant with the Baldwin in west- 

 ern New York. AVe can raise just as good Baldwins, he believed, in Michigan 

 as in any other state. Don't consider it best for Michigan — don't compare 

 with Canada l\ed in productiveness — Ked Canada will bring one dollar more a 

 barrel than Baldwins. Last fall when Baldwins were 75 cents a barrel in De- 

 catur, Canada Keds were bringing $1.75 for all that could be bought, lie 

 recommended that the Canada Eed should be top grafted on Northern Spy at 

 two years of age. 



Mr. Dickinson spoke in lavor of the Baldwin. His Baldwins had good soil, 

 clay sub-soil. Cold winters didn't affect his trees. His mav do better than 

 others. His land was level, not sheltered from cold weather particularly. 



Mr. Wilde said the Baldwin was profitable for market, — nice in every respect. 



W. A. Brown said the Baldwin paid more than all others. He had sandy 

 loam and raised the Baldwin for profit. I have seen the Baldwin at Lincoln, 

 Nebraska, and would scarcely recognize the variety. 



Prof. C. D. Lawton. — I am decidedly of the opinion that the position of the 

 Baldwin is at the head of the list of apples for Michigan. Certainly in Van 

 Buren county there is no apple that will compare with it as a profitable market 

 fruit. It does uniformly well, and is the only one of which this may be 

 said, on all kinds of soil and in all situations. The tree is a stout, rapid 

 grower, comes early into bearing, is very productive, and is free from blight 

 and disease, and when well established is sufficiently hardy for the Michigan 

 climate; the fruit is large, of good form, fine red color, solid and firm, and 

 possesses superior shipping and keeping qualities, and is well known and 

 accepted in all marKets and among all classes of buyers. 



All fruit-growers in this section are uniform in their testimony of its sur- 

 passing excellence ; it would be difficult to find a person acquainted with the 

 matter that would not mention the Baldwin as first in the list of apples. In 

 iiiy own orchard the Baldwin is the only apple that has thus far returned me 

 any appreciable profit, though, unfortunately, I have as many Rhode Island 

 Greening trees, Spitzenburg and Golden Russets as I have of Baldwins. Mr. N. 

 H. Bitely has a fine large young orchard adjoining my own, of which one-third 

 are Baldwins, the trees have been set fourteen to fifteen years and he has kept an 

 •account of the results and says that the Baldwins have paid thus far 15 per 

 cent, on the total investment which they represent — i. e., cost of time, interest, 

 •cultivation etc., the remainder of the orchard consisting of Russets or Spys. 

 My Seek-no-further, Esopus, etc., have paid very little. Another neighbor, 

 Mr. Jason Atwell says that his Baldwin trees have paid in a single year 815 to 

 the tree, and that if he were going to set 1,000 trees he would set all Baldwins; 

 he is, as raj^idly as possible, changing his other trees into this variety. I might 

 quote numerous statements and testimony of this character, derived from in- 

 telligent farmers and fruit-growers, in favor of the Baldwin. The Rhode 

 Island Greening does not bear well, no matter what the kind of soil. I have 

 observed it in every variety of soil which the country aifords, and have in- 

 quired frequently of farmers who have the trees in their orchards, and some- 

 times where they exist in locations and in soil that I deemed favorable, but have 



