122 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



Floral Isle, alias Middle Bass Isle, has 415 acres of vineyard, viz., 2G1 acres 

 of Cata'wbas, 72 acres Delawares, CI acres Concord, balance Ives, Kortons, 

 Clintons, etc. Xnmber of pounds gathered in 1878 on this island, one mil- 

 lion, three hundred and thirty-eight thousand. 



In 18G3 Andrew AVehole, Esq., pressed the first wine on Xew Year s eve ; 

 his neighbors called in to sanijile his wine, and occasionally through the even- 

 ing repeated the course, when lo I there was left none to sample ! The experi- 

 ment proved a stinmlant, resulting in all hands going into the culture of the 

 vine, which has grown to vast proportions — above the most sanguine expecta- 

 tions of all parties. 



The first barrel sampled is now represented by the pressing of 1878 — three 

 hundred thousand gallons. In 1865 Mr. Wehole commenced the manufacture 

 of wine, lie pressed 5,000 gallons, in 1870 he built a stone-arched cellar of 

 30,000 gallons capacity, 1871 Wehole, Week & Son, the new firm, built two 

 brick arched cellars, and up to the present time, 1879, three additional cellars, 

 which gives them storage capacity of over three hundred thousand gallons, 

 and no room to spare. In addition to above, the firm are now having set up 

 two casks of the storage capacity of fifteen thousand gallons each. 



Isle St. George, alias Xorth Bass, has 405 acres of vineyard, viz. : 205 of 

 Catawbas, 113 of Delaware, 34 acres Concord, 10 acres Shurtleff's Seedling, 

 the balance Norton's, Clinton, Ives', lona, Salem, etc. In 1878, one million 

 pounds of grapes gathered. There is a substantial double-arched wine cellar 

 on this island of the storage capacity of 125,000 gallons, owned by the grape 

 growers. Total number of acres of vineyard in Put-in-Bay township, 1,400. 



The vine flourishes on this group of islands with unrivalled luxuriance, and 

 even the banks of the Ohio, the first stronghold of tlie Catawba, have been 

 forced to yield a precedence to its northern rival. 



The enemy of the vine most to be dreaded is mildeiu. There are upwards of 

 200 fungi. Peronospora viticula, the American grape mildew, is always found 

 on the under side of the leaf; uncinida spiralis ov oidium, the oidium tucJceri, 

 the European variety, is always found on the upper side of the leaf, and both 

 kinds, American and European, are never found on the same leaf at the same 

 time. The oidium is black, while the American mildew is white. When in 

 blossom, no vineyard can remain in a healthy condition stripped of its foliage, 

 either by mildew, or the detestable practice of summer pruning; just in pro- 

 portion to the loss of foliage will the vine become weak and a subject of dis- 

 ease. 



There are three kinds of rot that destroy the grape, viz. : The gray rot, 

 caused by mildew, which attacks the berry at any time from the blossom well 

 up to maturity; the grape turns a mottled or milky gray color and is lost. 

 The spot rot, as I term it, is caused by the sting of an insect, the wound is so 

 minute as to be difiicult to see at first without the use of a glass ; the spot 

 turns livid around the injured part, rapidly taking on the appearance of a rot- 

 ten apple. I liave cut out the injured spot or sting, and the berry will heal 

 every time if tlie operation is performed early ; that proves no organic disease. 

 I have not discovered the insect — it works in the night. It has done 

 considerable damage to several vineyards on tlie east point of Kelley's Island 

 this season, — none on this group of islands to speak of. 



The cause of the black rot is still, I believe, an unsolved problem ; it is true that 

 hot muggy weather has much to do with it, and you will observe that condition 

 of the weather always develops mildew. I know tliat any condition that will 

 cause a serious loss of foliage must and does weaken the vine, consequently an 



