160 State Horticultural Society. 



about ten days before the bloom opened out into what we term full 

 bloom. By starting this early the young leaves received a treat- 

 ment as well as the buds. The trees were gone over before the 

 bloom was open and we immediately started to go over the second 

 time, commencing where we had started first. In several orchards 

 we got over nearly all the trees the second time before we were ob- 

 liged to desist on account of the opening of the flowers. The almost 

 entire absence of the apple gouger worms I attribute to this first 

 thorough spraying with an increased amount of the Paris green. 

 The second spraying was done in the same thorough manner im- 

 mediately after the bloom had fallen. In fact, we did not wait 

 until it was entirely off before we commenced to run the sprayer. 

 About three weeks after the first spraying the third spray 

 was applied. In some of the orchards two, and in one in- 

 stance three sprays, were applied during the last week in June and 

 the first week in July. In these orchards the codling moth did 

 much less damage than where the spray was applied three times 

 only. I was much impressed with an account of some spraying ex- 

 periments made by the Ohio Experiment Station on the farm of 

 U. T. Cox, in which the records state that on trees sprayed five 

 and six times that two-thirds of the trees so sprayed showed on the 

 fruit not a single apple in which there was a worm, and in many 

 of the trees only one or two specimens were wormy. This orchard 

 has been sprayed for a number of years, and quite thoroughly, and 

 the unusual results can in some measure be attributed to this fact, 

 but it is an object lesson for us all. 



Do not these straws show which way the wind blows? 



The orchardist who did not spray, and I regret to say there 

 are many of them in all sections of the State, congratulated him- 

 self all through the early part of the season that his fruit was 

 perfect, almost, if not quite, as was the fruit on the orchard of his 

 neighbor, who was expending money and time in spraying. At 

 harvest time, however, the unsprayed orchards were in bad shape. 

 The foliage fell early, and so did the fruit. The fruit was also 

 very wormy, and much of it went to the ground on that account. 

 Yes, if there is a lesson that the orchardist who does not spray 

 should learn from the season's experience, it is to spray and spray 

 thoroughly; that there is no overseeing Providence who suspends 

 the laws of nature on his account. If he harvested a crop of fairly 

 good fruit, let him thank his stars and resolve to spray, for had 

 there been a season when fungus (apple scab) developed, he would 

 have had no fruit at all. 



