SUMMER MEETING. G7 



first place, there was a small patch of them rusted and the third year 

 probably one-third of the patch was rusted ; I took from that patch 

 and set another patch just across a little piece of meadow, not more 

 than a few rods from them, and there is no appearance of rust in them. 



My preference would be to take berries from a sound patch, but as 

 I have stated, there is no appearance of rust in my patch ; my berries 

 are healthy and fine from the start to the present, and my opinion is 

 that it is confined more to the leaves than to the roots. We took them 

 from a patch where there was rust and got a sound patch from it. 



Prof. Whitten — Blackberry rust has been investigated considerably 

 of late years by microscopic experiments, and it has been found that by 

 far the greater number of cases that the spores fall to the ground and 

 affect the lower part first as micelium. You would not know that rust 

 was in that plant until the micelium had commenced on the lower 

 part of the plant, and then after the plant has got more fully grown, 

 the spores, or what corresponded to the seed, began to show on the 

 plant. Now, you may take a part of that plant infested by the rust 

 and you may grow a perfect plant from that, but that is a dangerous 

 thing to do, because the micelium does circulate on the underground 

 part of the plant, and you might get a root without the rust, yet on 

 the other hand you might get it with the rust. 



Q. By Mr. Snodgrass: I would like to ask how this rust operates. 



A. It is commonly known that the red spores that we see on the 

 leaves which begin to fall off after those red blotches begin to come, 

 and that is what corresponds to the seed, those red spores, will 

 germinate under favorable circumstances. More frequently it washefj 

 down into the lower part and spreads under the ground, and it grows 

 there in the shape of what is called micelius during the winter and in 

 the spring it begins to come up, when it comes up and begins to shed 

 spores or seeds by means of those red blotches, and in that way is 

 spread. 



Q. How does the Bordeaux mixture reach them and kill them I 



A. Those spores may gather around other of the spores and still 

 be invisible to you ; but shake some of them off on a glass and put it 

 under a microscope and you will see millions of them when there will 

 be very few you can see on the glass. Ii is not known how long those 

 spores will live; they may live there all winter, but we are not sure ; 

 but wherever the Bordeaux mixture strikes them it will kill them. 



Q. Then it follows that if the disease got into the root there 

 would be no cure for it ? 



A. It would not kill the disease that was in the roots, but it 

 would prevent that from spreading out into another crop of spores ; 



