316 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



REMEDIES. 



It 18 impossible to discuss in this bulletin the merits of the differ- 

 ent washes and remedies used against this insect. It will suffice to 

 give the following, which has been found to be the simplest and most 

 effectual : 



Cut down and burn all badly infested trees, since they are already 

 so far gone and injured that it will not pay to try and save them. 

 Prune the other trees back severly and burn the cuttings. Then ap- 

 ply thoroughly, by means of a force pump and spray nozzle, or by a 

 whitewash brush, or both, as the case may require, whale-oil soap, dis- 

 solved in water in the proportion of two pounds of soap to one gallon 

 of water. Give the trees a good drenching on all sides so as to com- 

 pletely cover every portion of the tree above ground, and repeat the 

 process if it rains within a week after the spraying. Three applica- 

 tions should be made, and two are absolutely essential. 



The best time to apply the soap is in the fall, just after the leaves 

 have fallen, and before the scales have become hardened, and again in 

 the spring, just before the buds swell, and if possible, once during 

 the winier also. If but two applications can be made, the fall and 

 spring applications are the essential ones. 



Do not use whale-oil soap for San Jose scale while the trees are 

 active or leaved out, since it is apt to kill them. 



The use of washes during the summer is of practically no economic 

 value, since the young lice are hatching continuously. This would 

 necessitate sprayings every third day for two months. The expense of 

 such a treatment would be too great. The young San Jose scale, not 

 over two days old, is easily killed by ordinary washes, and if it were 

 not for the continual appearance of the same, the insect would not be 

 especially troublesome. 



Old trees and all others that have rough, scaly bark should be cut 

 down and burned if infested with the scale, since it is impossible to 

 reach and kill the scales that are protected under such rough bark. 



Be sure and use whale-oil soap and not ordinary soap. If whale- 

 oil soap cannot be had, fish oil soap can be used, but not with as good 

 results. Whale-oil soap can be purchased from any large drug firm. It 

 costs about four cents per pound. 



The only objection to the application of this wash is that the trees 

 are liable to either not bloom at all or to bloom very little the first sea- 

 son, but they will make up in an increased development of foliage and 

 vigorous growth of the tree. 



