• MISCELLANEOUS PAPEHS. 351 



it will do away with this objection. The management has adopted a 

 new system of stacking apples, so that, if the owner is a little carefal, 

 there will never be any necessity of handling a single barrel until the 

 owner is ready to take it out of storage, the idea being to handle the 

 fruit as seldom as possible, — Farmers' Review. 



HOW TO KEEP APPLES. 



The proper temperature for keeping apples is as nearly 35 degrees 

 Fahrenheit as it is possible to keep it, and in order to maintain this it 

 will often be necessary in this climate to provide a separate place for 

 storing the fruit, as the average cellar under the dwelling-house is 

 wholly unfit for this purpose. If the cellar consists of several com- 

 partments so that one can be shut off completely from the other, and 

 the temperature in this kept below 40 degrees, it will answer the pur- 

 pose very well. If this cannot be done, a cheap storage-house may be 

 built in connection with the ice-house by building a room underneath, 

 having it surrounded,with ice on the sides and overhead, with facilities 

 for draining underneath, keeping the air dry by means of chloride of 

 calcium placed on the floor in an open, water-tight vessel, such as a large 

 milk crock or pan. In this way the temperature may be kept very near 

 the freezing point the year round, and apples may be kept almost in- 

 definitely. — Indiana Experiment Station. 



PRUNING APPLE TREES. 



I have studied the question of pruning apple trees and practiced 

 on my own studies and observation, and after many years and much 

 time spent and in losing an orchard of two acres by injurious trimming, 

 I hit on what I consider the right time for our state and climate, and 

 CO doubt the same practice will work well in other states. By trim- 

 ming in all mouths from March l to July I, and by close watch, I am 

 sure the best and safest time to trim apple trees is about the time the 

 buds are opening or soon after. No trimming should be done after 

 the 15th of June in any climate. While the buds are opening there is 

 a full flow of sap, so at that time the wounds will heal over much 

 sooner than at any other time in the year. When trees are trimmed in 

 winter the wound will dry and crack, and oftentimes the bark will 

 cleave off the wood, and in that case it will never heal over, and in all 

 probability will cause premature decay. The pith of the limbs leads 



