286 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



trees thoroughly and note how many could be covered. It was found pos- 

 sible, to spray seven trees each with Target Brand and Kil-o-Scale; eight 

 were sprayed with the Scalecide and Scalespray, but some of these were 

 slishtlj smaller than those in the plots spra.yed with the first named mix- 

 tures; eight trees were sprayed with kerosene and air-slaked lime 

 mixture, while nine trees were covered with the twenty-five gallons 

 of sulphur and lime. This does not necessarily mean that the sulphur 

 and lime spreads more, or will go farther than the other mixtures, but 

 the men who were doing the work felt that they could cover more trees 

 with it owing to the fact that it showed plainly upon the branches and 

 they were thus able to determine the portions that needed spraying, while 

 in order to make sure of it with the other materials, they found it neces- 

 sary to use a somewhat larger quantity. At any rate, the above amounts 

 were used, and so far as the results were concerned, the increased 

 amounts of soluble oils used should have been in their favor. 



THE EFFECT OF THE APPLICATIONS. 



The trees were examined a number of times during the spring and 

 summer and the results noted. By the first of May it was evident that a 

 large proportion of the scale had been killed. The number of live scale 

 found was so small and they were distributed so irregularly over the 

 trees that no attempt was made to form an estimate of the per cent that 

 had survived the different sprayings. 



In July, after practically all of the first brood had 'appeared, the trees 

 were looked over very carefully and an endeavor was made to determine 

 the results of the spraying. The row of trees sprayed with sulphur and 

 lime was practically free from young scales, but here and there one could 

 be found crawling upon the branches. The good effects of the spraying, 

 upon the removal of the old scales and the appearance of the bark, were 

 very noticeable. There were practically no scales upon the branches, 

 and even the older limbs of the trees had taken on a bright, healthy color. 

 There was comparatively little difference in the number of the young 

 scales upon the trees sprayed with the various solul)le oils and the K-L 

 mixtures, although Scalespray seemed to show the least benefit, while 

 Target Brand appeared to give better results then either Scalecide or Kil- 

 o-Scale. Unlike the trees sprayed with sulphur and lime, the old scales 

 were still upon the branches, giving them a grayish appearance. No such 

 marked benefit upon the appearance of the bark was noticed as in the 

 case of the trees sprayed with sulphur and lime. 



Several examinations were made during the summer which showed 

 that the scale continued breeding rapidly ui)on the trees sprayed with 

 the various oil mixtures, but where sulphur and lime was used very 

 little increase in the number of scales could be detected although the 

 trees were surrounded with other trees sprayed with the oil mixtures, 

 which were ra])idly becoming encrusted with the scale, and it would 

 hardly be possible for three or four months to elapse without large num- 

 bers of the scale being carried by birds, insects and, probably more than 

 in any other as ay, by the wind from these trees to those that had been 

 treated with sulphur and lime. 



At the end of the season, branches that represented the average con- 

 dition were cut from each of the trees and the following table shows the 

 condition of each plot, the figures given representing the percentage of 



