68 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



prefer to use the *'Z" every time rather than the UniversaL The Uni- 

 versal is not sectional, and it is straight in its tooth; it will go deeper 

 than is necessary, unless you carry the whole weight of the machine 

 in your hands all the while. With the "Z" you won't have to do this. 

 There are two advantages in the "Z" that are not in the Universal. The 

 sectional part you can use as long as necessary, in its full form, and 

 then take off the two sections and use it among the potatoes and corn, 

 and you can use it anywhere that you can use an ordinary cultivator. 

 If you are going to make a success with either style, you must use it 

 before your weeds get too far up, or you can not use it to satisfaction at 

 all. You have to be ahead of the weed and not let it get ahead of you. 



Judge Russell: I started in with a Breed weeder last spring, and 

 undertook to cultivate my orchard with one, and 1 am satisfied that 

 with an ordinary farmer they would not be of much value. I am satisfied 

 that if we would get the best results from one of these we must take 

 better care of the soil, and be more thorough as we go along. I under- 

 took to take good care of my orchard last summer, but I found that 

 after I commenced cultivation with the weeder I did not seem to haA'e 

 courage enough, and finally concluded to get a smoothing-harrow', which 

 worked better. In fact, I condemned the weeder, but, after talking with 

 Mr. Morrill and Mr. Kellogg I became convinced that perhaps the diffi- 

 culty was in part with myself. Therefore, I say, if you gentlemen are 

 going to use a Breed's weeder, and expect to get good results, you must 

 tone yourselves up and do better work than you have been in the habit 

 of doing. 



Mr. Wright: In the use of the Breed weeder, we provide another 

 farm implement, to be used if the weeds get a little too far ahead. We 

 use the Acme harrow. This gets the soil in such condition that you 

 can profitably use the Breed weeder. I have used the ''Z" weeder when 

 the corn was thirteen inches high, and on potatoes when they were nine 

 inches high. 



Q. Doesn't it work differently on different soils? I should think that 

 Judge Russell had a heavier soil. What I w-ant of a weeder is to retain 

 moisture in the land after it is thoroughly pulverized on top. A. That is 

 one of the principal benefits. 



Judge Russell : Most of you know where my south orchard is. There 

 isn't a man in Oceana county but has been in it, and it is a sand land 

 where I used the weeder, and land that is sandy enough for anybody; 

 but if the weeds are half an inch high there is no use going over them 

 with a Breed weeder. 



Mr. Barry: Is it essential to plow a peach orchard after it is five 

 years old, or can you stop plowing and use a spring-tooth harrow and 

 other lighter tools? 



Mr. Hutchins: It depends. Some people do well on light soils with- 

 out plowing, but the surface needs turning down. 



Mrs. Perkins: When is the best time to plow in setting a new 

 orchard? 



Mr. Morrill: What is the character of the soil? 



Mrs. Perkins: Sandy. 



Mr. Morrill: jVIy own opinion is, if it is possible, to do it in the fall. 

 I would, in order to set the trees the first good day in the spring. 



