286 . STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



The President: We take the moisture out with peaches. 



Professor Craig: As Mr. Morrill suggests, your peaches take all the 

 moisture out that the soil can stand. Well and good, but still I think 

 you should not forget that nitrogen is necessary to the well-being of the 

 peach tree and of the soil. 



Mr. Kork: I do not see why some of the gentlemen prefer Crimson 

 clover to the large Mammoth clover. They speak of sowing Crimson 

 clover in with their oats. In sowing, as we have seen already her^, it 

 does not make any more rapid growth than the other, and why do they 

 prefer Crimson clover? 



Mr. Post: The reason is, it starts very much earlier in the spring. 

 We sow oats for the sake of protection. 



Mr. Rork: If it starts at all. 



Mr. Post: It starts, if you have that protection, the oats; that is why 

 we sow the oats. 



Mr. Rork: Most of the gentlemen speaking are on clay soil. A good 

 many of us are on a light, sandy shore soil, and there is a wide difference. 



Mr. Post: I think that theory would apply to sandy soil. We use it 

 on sandy soil. 



Mr. Rork: We must have something that enriches, and I think I am 

 not so afraid of the barnyard as some of you are, not by any means, on 

 sandy soil, and the oats, it seems to me, do not enrich us much; and then 

 we find the trouble is, if we wait until along in midsummer, the hot, burn- 

 ing summer, we can hardly get anything to catch. W^hen it gets along 

 toward fall, your warranty deed does not hold it all still, and your stuff 

 whips right out. As soon as the latter summer and fall winds begin to 

 blow, you are on the hoist, and must be held down; and there are some 

 of us who commenced empty-handed who find that something is better 

 than bare ground. While oats grow quickly and hold the soil down, 

 when we wish to get them up again, they do not get up, when the spring 

 comes, and the clover does not get rooted enough, and we turn it under 

 in the spring and it does not benefit us much. So there we are. We 

 find it pretty hard to get a cover-crop to grow on our sand, and stand 

 the winter and be ready for something in the spring. We simply have to 

 have something that makes us richer. 



Mr. Post: One of the most successful growers in our section of 

 country does not use cover-crops at all; he uses barnyard manure instead, 

 applying that around the trees; he covers the entire surface, and in the 

 spring he works it in with a cultivator or a cut-away harrow, but he 

 covers the ground with coarse material. 



Q. Are you talking about a peach orchard? 



Mr. Post: Yes, sir, a peach orchard, and he is very successful and has 

 been for vears. 



