NEW YORK EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 385 



Couelusions. — The above experiments iiidicale that \vh(ii yuiinj; nur- 

 sery trees become so badly inlx'stod \vilh phuii lice as in nialvc spraying 

 impractical, they may be successfully treated by dipping the curled tips 

 in a solution of whale oil soap, 1 pound to 7 gallons of water. The 

 expense and labor were so slight as to be factors of but Utile inii)ortauce. 

 When thoroughly done but one treatment is necessary under ordinary 

 circumstances. 



SPRAYING YOUNG GRAFTS. 



Most of these experiments were conducted against a large species of 

 flea beetle, Siisteita hudsonias Forst. The beetles were very abundant 

 during June and -July on apple and pear grafts in a nursery near the 

 station. The beetles fed voraciously on both upper and under surfaces 

 of the leaves, eating away the tender tissue and causing them to wither 

 and die. About twenty-five per cent, of the grafts were killed before 

 the experiments were commenced and a whole block of 20,000 apple 

 grafts was seriously threatened. The beetles were also doing serious 

 injury in a small block of two-year-old apples and a larger block of two- 

 year-old pears in the same nursery. Green arseuite was used in all the 

 experiments and in each case sufiicient lime was used to make the 

 mixture "milky" in appearance. A barrel and pump, mounted on a small 

 stone-boat, which could be easily hauled between the rows by one horse,, 

 was used. To each lead of hose a V was attached so as to support two 

 short lengths of hose. Two men followed the pump, spraying two rows 

 at a time, thus requiring three men to do the work. Improved Vermorel 

 nozzles were used. 



Experiments. — Block I; one-year-old apple grafts sprayed June IG;, 

 with green arseuite, 1 pound to 150 gallons of water. June 18 this block 

 was again sprayed, but the poison was used at a strength of 1 pound 

 to 100 gallons of water. June 25 a third application was made, the poison 

 being used at the same strength. 



Block II; two-year-old apple trees sprayed June IS and again June 25, 

 with green arseuite, 1 pound to 100 gallons of water. 



Block III; two-year old pear trees sprayed June 18 and again June 25, 

 with green arseuite as in Block II. 



Block IV; one-year-old apple grafts badly infested with canker worms. 

 This block was sprayed early in June with the green arseuite, 1 pound to 

 100 gallons of water. A second application of the poison was unneces- 

 sary. 



Kesults. — The green arseuite at 1 pound to 150 gallons of water had 

 but little effect on the beetles. Where the stronger mixture was applied 

 the effect was very apparent, after the second application. But few live 

 beetles could be found, and after the third application no further injury 

 to the stock was noticed. Although most of the spraying was done on 

 a bright Avarm day, the most tender leaves did not show the slightest 

 indications of having been burned by the green arseuite. 



Block IV was freed from canker Avorms by one application of the 

 poison at the strength stated. 



Conclusions. — While these experiments should be carried further be- 

 fore final conclusions are reached, the results indicate 1hat young grafts 

 may be safely sprayed Avith the green arseuite, 1 pound to 100 gallons of 

 water, proAided enough lime is added to give the mixture a "milky'' 

 appearance. It may be here stated that it is important to add the lime. 



