232 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



88. Strawberry. — We are growing but have not fruited a plum under this name 

 which appears to have been recently introduced. I know nothing of its hibtory. C. 



Warren.— See Newman. 



89. Wooten. — Large, round-oblong, yellow with red markings; leaves medium, 

 oblong-lanceolate. Medium to late. Found wild in central Texas (Colorado river), 

 and introduced by A. M. Ramsky. "Very sure and prolitic." — Munson. Ripe from 

 early to middle July in northern Texas. Possibly P. hortulana. 



90. Yellow Transparent. — Rather large, oblong, lemon yellow; loaves rather small, 

 oblong-lanceolate. Early. Originated in northern Texas by J. L. Frkeman. Selected 

 from thousands of varieties grown from wild seed. 



I have plants from Kansas under the name of " Kansas Dwarf Cherry," 

 which are evidently a bush-like form of this species. They have not yet 

 borne. 



The '* Sand Plum," which is occasionally grown in Nebraska, is Primus 

 angustifolin, if I may judge from leaves sent me by Dr. C. E. Bessey of 

 the University of Nebraska. Dr. Bessey writes as follows of this plum: 

 " Occasionally I hear of a " Sand Plum," said to grow in the south- 

 western and western parts of the state. No authentic specimens have 

 been seen although I have in my collection some twigs and leaves from 

 plants cultivated under this name, and thought, by the growers, to have 

 been taken up from wild patches in the state." It is not improbable that 

 this sand plum is the same as the Kansas dwarf cherry mentioned above. 



The Chickasaw group is particularly adapted to the southern states, and 

 it succeeds so far north as Maryland and Kentucky, while some of the 

 varieties are hardy in central New York. The leading varieties are Caddo 

 Chief, Jennie Lucas, Lone Star, Newman, Pottawattamie, Bobinson, and 

 Yellow Transparent. 



E. The Marianna Group. — The Marianna and De Caradeuc plums — 

 and probably, also, the Hattie — constitute a distinct class from any of the 

 foregoing, differing in habit of tree, very early flowering; elliptic-ovate, 

 rather small and finely serrate dull leaves, glandless leaf-stalks, and soft, 

 spherical, very juicy plums of a " sugar and water " character, and broad 

 ovate stones which are scarcely pointed, and are prominently furrowed on 

 the front edge. The botanical position of these plums has been a subject 

 of speculation, to which I have added my full share of confusion. I have 

 devoted more study to these plums than to any others, and I am now con- 

 vinced that the De Caradeuc is myrobalan, and that the Marianna is 

 either the same species or a bybrid between it and some American plum, 

 possibly the Wild Goose. This, I am aware, is a startling conclusion, 

 particularly as the Marianna has come to be so extensively used as a stock 

 to replace the myrobalan, which appears to be growing in disfavor. 

 Before entering into detail concerning the origins of these plums, it will 

 be useful to our inquiry to clear up some of the history of the myrobalan 

 plum. 



The word myrobalan (or myrobolan\ as a noun, is used to designate 

 various small tropical fruits which are used in the arts, chiefly for tanning 

 purposes. It is now commonly applied to the fruits of the species of 

 Terminalia, of the family Combretacese, which are imported from India. 

 The word was early applied to a small plum grown in Europe, probably 

 because of some resemF)lauce in size or other characteristics to the myro- 

 balans of commerce. This plum has had a curious history. The first 

 undoubted reference to it which I know is in Clusius' Rariorum Planta- 

 rum Historia, 1601. Clusius gives a good figure of it, but says that it 



