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CORNELL UNIVERSITY EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 295 



ing that they are disseminating a better variety. It is true that the New 

 American is the better of the two, at least for the north, 

 but it is unfortunate that this substitution should have 

 occurred. Many nurserymen suppose that the two vari- 

 eties are the same, but they not only differ in hardiness 

 but also in foliage and fruit. The accompanying outlines 

 show some of the difference in foliage. The top leaf is 

 the New American and the under one Downing. The 

 Downing leaf is much the larger and longer, longer- 

 pointed, with smaller teeth. It is usually proportionally 

 larger than shown in the engraving. It is also a duller 

 and usually a thinner leaf than that of the New American. 

 By referring to the first illustration in this paper, it will 

 be seen that the fruit of the New American is made up of 

 elosely compacted parts or drupelets, while in the Down- Downing, 



ing, as seen in the cut in the margin, the drupelets are 

 more or less detached. This picture of the Downing fruit shows a small 

 specimen. The fruit is black, of excellent quality, possessing a slight 

 acidity which is apt to be lacking in the varieties of Morus alba. The 

 fruit ripens from June until September. 



Spalding. — I am indebted to T. V. Munson of Denison, Texas, for a 

 knowledge of this variety. It is said to be a seedling of the Downing, and 

 the leaves and habit confirm this origin. Mr, Munson says that it is as 

 tender as the Downing. It originated with the late E. H. Spalding, 

 who thought it the finest variety in cultivation. I do not know its fruit. 



Hives. — This mulberry, which is sent me by G. Onderdonk of Nursery, 

 Texas, was found upon the premises of James Rives of Mission Valley, 

 Victoria county, Texas. Its origin is unknown. Mr. Onderdonk thinks 

 it is a form of Morus Japonica, but it seems to me to belong to the multi- 

 caulis group, although it may be the native Morus rubra. I have not had 

 an opportunity to study it thoroughly. " The fruit, while being good, has 

 not special merit," Mr. Onderdonk says. It is reeommended chiefly for 

 shade, the growth being very rapid and the leaves large. It is also said to 

 be valuable for silk. In Texas it blooms so early that the fruit is often 

 lost. 



Two mulberries have recently been sent me from the University of Cali- 

 fornia under the name of Lhoo — originally spelled Lhou — and Nagasaki. 

 These, I think, belong with the multicaulis group, although they suggest 

 Morus Japonica. Bureau refers some of the Chinese Lhou mulberry to 

 Morus alba var. macrophylla {Morus Moretti), and some of it to this 

 multicaulis group. At the university of California the climate is said to 

 be too cold to allow these mulberries to fruit. These oriental varieties are 

 grown chiefly for feeding silk worms. 



