CORNELL UNIVERSITY EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 301 



the prairie states, for planting sparingly as single specimens or in groups 

 as ornamental trees, and for small timber on the prairies. The fruit is 

 usually worthless. This type has already given three named varieties of 

 more or less merit: Victoria, Ramsey's White, and Teas' Weeping. 



6. The mulberries here enumerated belong to five more or less distinct 

 general types or species, — Morus alba, M. latifolia, M. Japonica, M. 

 nigra, and M. rubra. The first and the last are the most important in 

 this country for the purposes here discussed. 



7. American varieties of fruit-bearing mulberries have developed along 

 independent lines, having come chiefly from Morus alba and M. rubra, 

 while the fruit mulberry of history is M. nigra. 



8. The native mulberry, Morus rubra, has given us some of the most 

 important varieties, and as it is naturally variable and adapted to our 

 various climates, it is the probable progenitor of the American mulberries 

 of the future. 



9. The mulberry is easily grown upon ordinary soils. It is often tender 

 in the north during the first two or three years. 



10. The mulberry is propagated by cuttings of the mature wood or the 

 roots, by root and crown-grafting, and by budding with dormant buds in 

 the spring. 



L. H. BAILEY. 



SPEAYING APPLE ORCHARDS IN A WET SEASON. 



Experiments in spraying for apple-scab and apple- worm were made this 

 year in the orchard of John McGowan, a fruitgrower living near the uni- 

 versity farm. The orchard consists principally of King and Baldwin 

 apples. Several other varieties are grown, and other experiments than 

 those here recorded were made, but owing to the limited number of trees 

 and the lightness of the crop the results obtained from these were unsatis- 

 factory. But definite results were obtained from the Kings and Baldwins. 

 All notes were taken with the assistance of L. C Corbett, assistant in the 

 experiment station, in order that any personal bias of the writer might be 

 corrected. 



The summer's work is particularly interesting from the fact that the 

 season was very wet, the rainfall from June 1 to July 1 being as follows: 



June. 



Rainfall in inches.. 



Total 5.20 



The total rainfall is 1.31 inches above the average for the month. Most 

 of the days during which no rain fell were cloudy and warm, and the 

 atmosphere was moist. The first week in July was also rather wet, but 

 later the rainfall was considerably less. Such conditions are generally 

 supposed to favor the development of the apple-scab (Fusicladium den- 

 (Iriiicum) and perhaps also other fungi which work upon the trees. The 



