224 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



No. 45. 



Source. — Pasteurized milk M. 



Form and grouping. — Bacillus. Thickness varies from \ m to 1 m; its length from 

 2 m to 7 m. It is found single and in short threads. 



Spores. — Median spores are formed. 



Protoplasm. — The protoplasm is homogeneous but is decidedly granular just before 

 sporulation. 



Motion. — There is a progressive tumbling motion. 



Staining reaction. — Stains very readily with ordinary aniline stains. 



Temperature. — It withstands 85° C. for 20 min., but is killed at 90° C. for the same 

 time. Its optimum temperature ranges from 23° C.-27° C, and its growth almost 

 ceases below 15° C. 



Colonies. — There appears at first a light crystalline mass with a well defined border, 

 which has several short fibers protruding from it. As the colonies'grow older, the 

 centers become very dark and the outer zone is only a shade lighter. The border 

 has a dense array of fine fiber-like threads radiating from it, and they are all of 

 nearly uniform length. Liquefaction soon takes place and the colony becomes 

 unrecognizable. 



Gelatin tube-cultures. — The growth appears along the entire line of inoculation, but 

 much more rapidly right at the surface, where it slowly spreads out and liquefies, 

 forming a wide shallow cup. It continues to spread at the surface till the whole 

 surface is involved, but does not reach down into the tube. About one-fifth of the 

 tube is liquefied and then it stops. 



Agar inclined tube-cultures. — Thick slimy yellowish growth along line of inoculation. 

 There are arms projecting from this line which are short and thick. 



Bouillon cultures. — Bouillon becomes densely cloudy with a granular sediment on 

 the bottom and a granular scum on the surface. 



Milk cultures. — Milk is peptonized very slowly. 



Potato tube-cultures. — A yellowish white growth forming in a wrinkled scum. 



Blood serum-cultures. — Serum is completely peptonized. 



Growth. — Rapid. 



Pigment. — None. 



Oxygen conditions. — Free oxygen is essential to growth. 



Odor. — No distinguishable odor. 



Acids. — No acids produced. Lactose or glucose have no influence 



Behavior to gelatin. — Liquefies gelatin rapidly. 



No. 46. 



Source. — Pasteurized milk 77. 



Form and grouping. — Bacillus. It has square ends and is usually single, yet short 

 threads are found. Its thickness varies from £ m to 1 m and its leugtn from 2 m to 

 7 m. 



Spores. — Median spores are formed. On agar, in a few days' time, there seems to 

 be spores only, the vegetative forms have entirely disappeared. 



Protoplasm.— The protoplasm is homogeneous, not becoming markedly granular 

 before sporulation. 



Motion. — There is a tumbling progressive movement. 



Staining reaction. — Take the ordinary aniline stains very readily. 



Temperature.— It grows best at a temperature of 28°-30° C. Below 20° C. it grows 

 very slowly. Withstands 93° C. for 20 min., but is killed at 96° C. for the same time. 



Colonies. — The young colonies are brown and have an it-regular outline. In the 

 middle is a nucleus somewhat darker. From the border are several radiating fibers. 

 As the colonies become older the nucleus remains distinct but the remainder of the 

 colony gradually verges oil' into a fine misty and fibricated mass, gradually fading 

 away into a single layer of bacteria and only a few threads. 



Gelatin tube-cultures. — At first there is a growth along the entire line of inoculation 

 continuing to develop, however, only at the top wince a deep cup is formed. The 

 liquefaction soon reaches across the surface of the tube, but does not extend down 

 very far. Just below the liquefied gelatin there are fibers proceeding from the line 

 of inoculation through the solid gelatin. 



Agar inclined tube-cultures. — A raised white creamy growth is found along the 

 streak of the needle. It is not inclined to spread. 



