EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 251 



■ daily, requires 23.57 pounds of dry matter, 2.06 pounds of digestible protein. 

 12.50 pounds of digestible carbohydrates and .89 pounds of digestible fat. 



A discussion of some of the feeding stuffs used at the College follows, 

 in which the results of many experiments are briefly reported. 



Sorghum and kaffir corn yielded large amounts of forage per acre, in 

 which the per cent of dry matter was lower than in corn and the protein 

 content was conspicuously low. Neither is recommended as a substi- 

 tute for corn. 



Clover hay is valuable because supplying a large per cent of protein, 

 and because deriving its nitrogen largely from the air. After the removal 

 of the crop of hay, as much nitrogen was left in the roots as would be 

 supplied by 7 tons of barnyard manure per acre. Clover silage is palat- 

 able to cows but the method of ensiloing clover is not recommended be- 

 cause of the expense. 



Vetches, crimson clover, peas, and alfalfa were grown and the results 

 are reported. 



Roots are recommended, the plot experiments showing the greatest 

 return in dry matter per acre by sugar beets, with rutabagas second and 

 carrots third. The labor in growing and harvesting an acre of roots is 

 shown to be 32.8 hours for man and team and 209.9 hours for man. The 

 addition of roots to a ration of clover hay, corn meal and wheat bran was 

 shown to affect the digestibility of certain factors. More of the N. free 

 extract, crude fiber, ash and dry matter were digested when man*golds 

 were fed than when the ration was fed without succulent foods. The 

 addition of potatoes instead of roots increased the digestibility of the N. 

 free extract, but decreased the digestibility of the protein, crude fiber, 

 fat and total dry matter. 



The addition of potatoes to a normal ration increased the length of time 

 required to churn the cream and in one experiment increased the hardness 

 of the butter. 



Seventeen analyses of bran show that the composition of burr stone 

 bran differs from the product of the roller process in containing less fat. 

 A sample of first grade bran, so called, contains nearly two per cent 

 more protein than either the second or third grade. 



A description of a new and cheap dairy barn concludes the bulletin. 



DEFINITION OF TERMS. 



There are a few terms used in the literature relating to cattle feeding 

 the meaning of which ought to be clearly understood. Among these 

 terms are dry matter, protein, carbohydrates, and digestibility. 



All of our cattle foods, no matter how dry they may seem, contain 

 water. If first dried in the open air, then pulverized and exposed for a 

 longer period to a perfectly dry atmosphere and a low heat, it is easy to 

 understand that nearly, if not quite, all the water in the original sub- 

 stance would be driven off and the residue would be rightly called dry 

 matter. The water which was driven off by the heat and taken up by the 

 air has no value for feeding purposes, whether it comes from hay or from 

 mangolds or turnips. Roots are not valuable because they contain 

 water, but because of the amount and composition of the dry matter that 



