No. 6. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 193 



100 pounds pressure; of course, the higher the pressure and the 

 finer the nozzles the more misty the spray. The hose attachment 

 is in the rear at bottom, and between the tank and hose attachment 

 is a nozzle protector, which prevents any sediment from getting 

 into the nozzles. You can attach one or four lines of hose with 

 four or sixteen nozzles and maintain a steady pressure, doing more 

 and better work than any machine I ever saw. The machine I am 

 using, is the Niagara Gas Sprayer. 



The permanent part of my outfit consists of a series of platforms 

 against a side hill. A roadway is graded below the first platform, 

 which is of sufficient height that all material can be run by gravity 

 from the mixing tubs into the spraying machine mounted on the 

 low down wagon. On this first platform is placed two large mixing 

 tubs holding 160 gallons each. These are fitted with T| inch gate 

 valves and pipe to convey material to machine. On same level is 

 one large kettle holding 75 gallons, in which we boil our mixture, 

 and another boiler holding 150 gallons, in which we boil water 

 Above this is another platform on which is a large tank holding 

 several barrels of water. From this, water is conveyed by one-inch 

 hose to kettles, tubs, spraying tank, etc. 



BURGESS PENNYPACKER: Dr. Funk, what will destroy the 



San Jose" Scale? 



DR. FUNK: Lime, sulphur and salt is infallible when properly 

 prepared and properly applied. 



PROF. SURFACE: When do you make your first application for 

 San Jos6 Scale? 



DR. FUNK: The first spraying should be while the trees are dor- 

 mant. The second spraying should be done immediately after the tree 

 blossoms or as soon after as possible. If you spray a few days too 

 soon, while the blossoms are open, you do an injury to a certain ex- 

 tent to the pollenizing of the bloom. Furthermore you poison one 

 of the best friends of pollenization we have, the little honey bee. If 

 you leave it a little bit too long, what do you do? The calyx closes. 

 My friend, Mr. Hall, from Potter county handed me that apple bloom 

 to-day. (Exhibiting one.) You see that is in full bloom. That 

 comes from a little south of latitude 42. We are here in just a little 

 more than latitude 40. I want to show you the difference in regard 

 to the apple. Now what I want to illustrate in spraying is this: The 

 calyx is open and turned downwards. If you spray at this time, a 

 small portion of that poison will get right in that open calyx. Now 

 anywhere in from 8, 10 or 12 days after the petals have dropped, that 

 calyx closes, draws in, just as if my thumb and finger were to close 

 in this manner (illustrating). Now why does that make a difference? 



13_6_1905 



