No. 6. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 385 



prepare and apply continually that all comers and goers can become 

 thoroughly and practically familiar. Spray at least one or more 

 acres that it may stand as a monument or finger-board pointing the 

 road to success. 



Having, as I believe, the most thoroughly equipped plant in the 

 State, perhaps in the United States, I held a public demonstration 

 on December 12, in the Paragon orchards in Bovertown, where, in 

 the presence of at least 150 prominent fruit raisers from six differ- 

 ent states, we prepared several batches of 100 gallons each of lime, 

 sulphur and salt, cooking by steam, furnished by a 15-horse power 

 boiler with best improved methods of steam distribution, obtaining 

 a perfect combination in 35 to 40 minutes. Full instructions were 

 given during the time of preparation. In this plant, everything is 

 done by gravity system, avoiding all the disagreeable and laborious 

 parts. At this demonstration everything was done to a nicety as far 

 as preparation of material was concerned, being free from all sedi- 

 ment, and the sprayer worked to perfection; no clogging of nozzles 

 from start to finish. But the application was not as it should have 

 been. Those who run the sprayer looked more to the display of the 

 machine and its power, than thoroughness. Ten nozzles being used 

 on two lines of hose, whereas for thorough work more than two 

 nozzles on each hose is a waste of material. Can we control this 

 enemy? Yes! Lime, sulphur and salt properly made and properly 

 applied is thoroughly effectual. 



OTHER INSECT PESTS. 



Oyster shell bark louse is especially plentiful and destructive in 

 Centre, Clinton and Sullivan counties; also scurfy scale. I also find 

 San Jose" Scale in every county I have been in, except Tioga; but not 

 having had the opportunity of examining orchards very thoroughly 

 there it may also be in some orchards. Codling moth is very plenti- 

 ful, rendering it almost impossible to find fruit free from worms in 

 those counties where but little spraying is done. 



FUNGOUS DISEASES. 



Scab and other fungous diseases is also doing serious damage to 

 both tree and fruit where there is no spraying. The "yellows" is do- 

 ing considerable damage all over the State, and nearly every farm 

 home has trees in the last stages of decline from this scourge, which 

 has thus far defied all science. 



I also found one orchard in Franklin county with several trees af- 

 fected with what is known as "little peach." This, like the "yellows," 

 has no known remedy except cutting out and burning. 



During the reading of his report, Dr. Funk made the following re- 

 marks: Right here I had something called to my attention that I did 

 not embody in this paper; it has been recommended spraying the 

 peach in the Fall with the lime, sulphur and salt; I have heard a few 

 complaints that where they have been sprayed in December that the 

 buds on the most of these are now dead, so that it would seem that 

 we have to leave the salt out in spraying the peach, as it is the 

 chlorine in the salt that will do the damage. 



The CHAIRMAN: What shall we do with this report, gentlemen? 

 25—6—1905 



