No. fi DEPARTMENT OF AGK1CULTUHE 487 



In jui Stale of Pennsylvania, we have invested something uvei 

 one hundred and fifty millions of dollars in live stock. Now if by 

 some means we can increase the value of each animal to the amount 

 of one dollar, or occasionally save the life or usefulness of an animal, 

 the gain would be no small amount. This can be done, and in a 

 majority of cases far more, and by a little closer observation of the 

 so-called little things in everyday life. It is the little things to whicli 

 I wish to call the attention of my fellow Institute Workers at this 

 time. 



I am aware of the fact that you all, like myself, have your special- 

 ties, and that no one man can be a specialist in all branches; but 

 there are a few little things that can be thrown in incidentally that 

 may be the means of saving the life of a valuable animal. 



First, I will take the dairy. The common disease known as "Milk 

 Fever/' a disease that a few years ago was considered incurable 

 and only an occasional cow recovered that had the disease. To-day, 

 nearly every case can be cured and without the aid of a Veterinarian. 

 The treatment is simply to inject sterilized air into the udder. No 

 medicine is used. The instrument for performing this simple opera- 

 tion can be bought for $2.50, and no dairyman should be without 

 one. It is quite common for the farmer to think there is no medicine 

 in air or wind, and in some cases there is not. The air must be 

 sterilized in this case to free it from germs and impurities. Figura 

 lively speaking of "wind" as a medicine to which the farmer has 

 too often been made a victim, it must be thoroughly sterilized to 

 free it from fogyism and whims. 



In the treatment of milk fever, as above stated, there should be no 

 medicine given, for in a majority of cases the animal is unable to 

 swallow, and should medicine be given it would be quite liable to 

 enter the lungs and produce a pneumonia from which the animaJ 

 may die. 



A few years ago we were told of a disease called "Hollow Horn" 

 and the horns were bored with a gimlet, and salt, pepper, vinegar 

 and various other ingredients were inserted into the horns. The 

 tail was also split and the same applications made in the incision 

 and the animal was then supposed to be cured. To-day there is a 

 marked tendency to de-horn cattle and we do not hear so much about 

 the disease and it is now known that all cattle are liable to have 

 hollow horns. 



A few days ago a young man, who is a graduate of our State Col- 

 lege, called me up on the 'phone and said that he had a valuable cow 

 that had lost her "cud" and asked me what he should do for her. 

 I explained to the young man that it was no more of a disease to 

 have a cow loose her quid than it would be for a man to accidently 

 loose his. If this had occurred fifty years ago we would not have 

 thought it strange; but at this enlightened age of the world it seems 

 strange that a young man could graduate from the dairy depart- 

 ment of our State College without being enlightened on subjects of 

 this kind. 



The subject of tuberculosis is one which is sure to come up at 

 nearly every Institute, and while this is a deep subject and one which 

 would necessarily be referred to a specialist, there are some things 

 which you can all say to the anxious farmer who fears that he may 

 have this dreaded disease in his herd. 



