566 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



made lies in the fact that we to-day control conditions surrounding 

 fruit culture, instead of having conditions control us. The modern 

 demand of the market for fruit is that it must be of highest quality; 

 and fortunately for the fruit grower he can grow quality into his 



fruit by feeding his dees a full balanced ration, just as best results 

 are obtained in a dairy herd, by the proper balanced feed; in either 

 case the cow or the tree being the instrument in the hands of 

 man to convert raw material into a manufactured product. In the 

 degree that fruit growers will meet the requirements so clearly 

 indicated by scientific investigation and practical experience, in 

 that degree will Horticulture still further advance as the noblest 

 occupation of man. 



DR. MAYER. — Mr. Seeds at our Farmers' Institutes, recommends 

 Cow-Horn Turnips and Essex Rape. Has any one tried them in- 

 stead of Crimson Clover? 



MR. BROWN. — I have used Cow-Horn Turnips and Vetch. 



A Member. — I do not attach much value to Cow-Horn Turnips. 

 Twenty tons would not return more than $ 1.50 worth to the soil. 



MR. PETERS.— I was much interested in Mr. Brown's address on 

 orchard culture. He has, however, based his arguments on Dela- 

 ware conditions, and not on the diversified conditions we have in 

 Pennsylvania. As to sod culture, Mr. Brown mentions two men 

 who have succeeded. I would advise every one to cultivate accord- 

 ing to his particular soil and conditions. 



(MR. HIESTER. — We want to study and consider the principles 

 Mr. Brown has spoken of, want to know what we are working for. 

 then study our own conditions and apply them to our own farms 

 and orchards. When I was young an old fruit grower told me to 

 plow two feet deep before planting my orchard. I followed his 

 advice and the trees grew finely but bore no fruit, and I was obliged 

 to check their growth by sowing to wheat and timothy, at the rate 

 of 10 quarts of the latter per acre, giving two crops of timothy per 

 year for three years. The trees gradually stopped growing but had 

 I checked the growth earlier I would have had less wood growth 

 and more fruit. The treatment which I gave my trees would prob 

 ably have killed Mr. Brown's in Delaware. I agree with Mr. Peters 

 that we must study our own conditions and apply our own treatment 

 accordingly. 



The following resolutions were read by the Secretary and unani- 

 mously adopted: 



"Resolved. — That the State Horticultural Association of Pennsyl- 

 vania in annual convention assembled, hereby endorses the bill (H. 

 R. 315) introduced into the House of Representatives by Hon. H. C. 

 Adams, of Wisconsin, to increase the national appropriations to 

 the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and requests the representa- 

 tives of Pennsylvania in the Senate and House to use their best 

 efforts to secure its passage. 



"Resolved. — That the Secretary be instructed to send a copy of 

 these resolutions to Hon. H, C. Adams, of Wisconsin, to Hon. James 



