No. 6. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 571 



found that both large and small trees of his premises were generally 

 infested, but in the rear of his lot were two peach trees about six 

 years of age which were very badly covered. From there I went 

 to the peach orchard of C. B., about one mile southeast of here, con- 

 taining about 1,100 trees, ranging from two to four years of age. [ 

 could detect no '•Scale" until I came to a tree in the middle of the 

 orchard about three years of age and this was completely covered. 

 Then I inspected around this tree and found the Scale had spread 

 in a radius of four rods from this tree in numbers decreasing as the 

 distance from the tree increased. From all appearances this tree 

 may have been infested from the nursery." 



The above sentence shows that since the other trees, which con- 

 sisted of pear, apple, peach, and plum were only generally infested 

 but not badly covered, the two peach trees mentioned were very 

 evidently the source of the infestation on these premises. 



"In another orchard belonging to the same man I found a repeti- 

 tion of the above conditions. Next I went into the peach orchards 

 of W. E. B., one mile south of R. This man has probably 500 trees 

 in three orchards. About his home he has a number of Japanese 

 plum trees. These may range from seven to ten years of age and 

 are infested more or less with Scale but not enough to make it prob- 

 able that they came thus from the nursery. In the middle of a young 

 apple orchard on the opposite side of the fence I found a number of 

 young apple trees slightly infested. Now close about these trees 

 was absolutely no bad case of infestation and the closest was one 

 tree at least ten rods away, which shows that it must have been 

 carried from there by some bird or insect. Large trees, probably 

 twenty-five years of age were also slightly infested." 



Certainly the badly infested tree mentioned above carried the 

 Scale from the nursery, and since this orchard was about three years 

 of age, we are safe in saying that the Scale spread over an area of 

 a circle with a diameter of about 135 feet in three years' time, for 

 a general infestation, and doubtless was carried to some extent to 

 even greater distances. How very important it was that one of our 

 Inspectors should find this spot and show the method of eliminating 

 the Scale here before this fine young orchard was destroyed. This 

 emphasizes the fact that our work, as State Zoologist, to be effective 

 for the fruit growers of this State, must be three-fold: (1) Prevent- 

 ing the spread of the San Jose' Scale from nurseries; (2) detecting 

 its presence where orchardists do not expect it, as in this example; 

 and (3) teaching owners how to overcome it or suppress it, as is done 

 by our practical demonstrations. 



"On the opposite side of the block of plum trees spoken of above 

 about two rods distant was a peach orchard of about 200 trees which 

 may have been about seven or eight years of age. This orchard 

 was thoroughly infested throughout and I could not tell where the 

 origin was." 



The above portion of his report shows conclusively that the Scale 

 was carried to a great many trees during a few years from some 

 originally infested trees, at least ten rods away. Certainly it was 

 absolutely impossible for the Scale to crawl from these originally 

 infested trees to the others and produce such effects. The conclu- 

 sion that it was carried by some bird or insect must be correct, un- 



