574 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



means as birds flying from tree to tree and branch to branch, that no 

 one can longer doubt it. In the light of these facts the paper pre- 

 sented to this Society a year ago staling that the writer believed that 

 the Scales spread chiefly by crawling from one tree to another is 

 too erroneous to command further attention. 



The concluding paragraph of Mr. Heiss is one of the most en- 

 couraging possible, because it shows that the citizens in this in- 

 fested region are awakening to the importance of the work the State 

 is offering them, and will certainly soon overcome the enemy that has 

 caused them such trouble. Demonstrations will be given this spring 

 in that region, and there is evidence that there at least we have 

 friends who fully appreciate our efforts in their behalf. I had in 

 tended more fully to discuss the paper that was presented before 

 this Association last spring and which did not meet with the views of 

 members, but even though I asked the writer to be present at this 

 time and defend his points if he could prove them, he is not here, 

 and I consequently prefer not to discuss it without giving him a fair 

 chance. 



ORGANIZATION OF THE SAN JOSE SCALE WORK BY THE 

 DIVISION OF ZOOLOGY IN PENNSYLVANIA. 



By N. G. MILLER, Assistant Economic Zoologist. 



When it became certain that an effort was to be made looking 

 toward the suppression of the San Jose" Scale in this State, it 

 became very evident to those in authority that the only method to 

 pursue was to inaugurate a campaign of education as planned and 

 urged by Professor Surface, rather than arbitrarily to lay down 

 certain means of treatment and to force citizens to act accord- 

 ingly. It was obvious that such treatment could not be put into 

 universal practice, and without this it would, in a case of this kind, 

 be useless. 



The question then was, what should be the nature of this educa 

 tional campaign? What means and methods should be laid before 

 the citizens of the State, and how? These facts were very apparent: 



(1) As a general rule the people did not understand the nature 

 of the San Jose" Scale well enough to act for themselves, except in 

 a few localities in a few counties of the southern part of the State. 



(2) In but a few localities were the means of combating the Scale 

 well enough understood to be successfully applied by the persons 

 themselves interested. People who understand the nature of the 

 insect did not know the methods to be applied, and were at the 

 mercy of the agents of either unscrupulous or well-meaning but 

 misguided manufacturers. Thus it was obvious that the first effort 

 in the work should be expended along the line of instructing those 

 interested in the best known materials and methods to be used in 

 combating this most injurious insect, and the proper time when 

 this should be done. 



The question then arose as to what was the best method. There 

 are two general methods in practical use: 1st, Fumigation with a 



