726 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



make cheese— whether it shall be in carrying on tests, investigations 

 or demonstrations and experiment, or field instruction among the 

 creameries. In Indiana we have one man who gives his whole time 

 in travelling from one creamery to another, spending a day or two 

 there helping the butter maker to overcome the difficulties that he 

 finds there. What is the justification for that? In three times in- 

 side of two weeks was he able, by a couple of hours' work in the 

 creamery, to save that creamery man from one to three dollars a 

 day. Who gets the benefit of that? It comes back to the patrons 

 of the creamery, because it has reduced the expense of making that 

 butter or the cheese as the case may be. In this case it was butter. 

 Now, dairymen are doing those things in other states, what do you 

 dairymen want to do in this State? I am ready to help to work out 

 the problems just as fast as the advantages will permit. Minnesota 

 made a good showing at the World's Fair, because of the work she 

 had done among her people. Wisconsin has done her work along 

 the cheese line. Indiana and Illinois are doing their work among 

 the manufacturers. Canada has over 30 men working along these 

 lines. So much for what some of the conditions are and what some 

 of the things are that dairymen are doing to support and help and 

 overcome them. Dairymen of other .states are carrying on, in con- 

 nection with a meeting of this kind, a dairy exhibition. Why can't 

 we in Pennsylvania have a big dairy meeting show in which we shall 

 have butter and cheese and possibly milk, for this is a great milk 

 producing State for the retail market. Why can't we have a dairy 

 machinery show in connection with it where the creamery men, the 

 butter makers and farmers can come together and see the latest 

 machinery. Those things are being done in other lines. One sugges- 

 tion comes to the breeder* as to what the dairymen are doing. I 

 picked up a report the other day and in the back I saw an "ad" like 

 this: "We keep our cows for profit. Our cows averaged seventy- 

 four dollars over and above the cost of feed for the last year. We 

 have two bulls for sale from cows of this kind." I just thought, 

 there is a breeder that is going so far ahead of the average that he 

 ought to be advertised from one end of the country to the other. 

 Now, when our breeds of dairy bred cattle will quit glueing their 

 eyes to pedigrees entirely, and look to the production of this kind, 

 and show r the average dairymen a hull from a cow of that kind will 

 sell. I believe it is good business for you folks to think of "that 

 thing. 



I want to say a word, in closing, about this matter of milk inspec- 

 tion. I haven't the thing worked out to where I have a cut and- 

 dried-plan that I am ready to lay before you. But I will say that 

 this work and these things have been impressed on my mind by ob- 

 servation so far. Therefore, if the state or the government, or 

 whoever inspects that product, is going to determine the quality of 

 the milk used in Pittsburg to-day they have got to inspect every- 

 body's milk that comes in. It is not easy. It is impossible, it is im- 

 practicable, it is financially impossible to do that thing, at least in 

 the near future. The quality of the milk is determined very largely 

 by the conditions under which it is handled. Now I believe that our 

 inspection should be directed more to the changing of conditions un- 

 der which the milk is produced than to an examination of the milk 

 after it is produced, because milk that is produced in clean places 



