730 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



GOV. HOARD: Thai it is very volatile. 



PROF. VAN NORMAN: And very soon goes away. 



DR. ARMSBY: We have been experimenting by putting an animal 

 into a box, a respiration apparatus so-called, where we analyze all 

 the excreta in the course of that experiment. We pumped air 

 through that box to ventilate it. Most of that air discharged out 

 into the room where we were. The solid and liquid excreta is 

 dumped into a box under the platform, and under those conditions 

 we could scarcely detect any of that cowy odor in the air as it comes 

 out. You can notice it. In a thousand cubic feet of air discharged 

 into the room very little of the odor was noticed. When we 

 opened that box down below, then you get the cowy odor strong, and 

 moreover the particular thing that carries the cowy odor in our ex- 

 perience is the urine, not the solid. With a little bit of the urine on 

 anything that cowy odor will cling to the thing most persistently, 

 so I think the cowy odor is just as you say, it is in the milk. 



PROF. HILLS: A good many years ago at the experiment station 

 we tried a series of experiments of this matter of aerating milk, at 

 one time in cold water, and another time in artificially warm but 

 otherwise pure air. And what we drew from that experiment was 

 that it was not so much the aeration as the cooling of the milk that 

 did the business. The air, as such, is not a medium which pro- 

 motes or increases the keeping of the milk. It is the cooling one 

 gets, incidental with the aeration. Now, there is another point about 

 this ''loose milk" — that is a brand new term to me, I never heard 

 it in New England,, One of my associates of former years is likewise 

 a milk dealer, and he had a herd of 750 grade Jersey cows. Up to 

 about ten years ago milk was peddled through that city in this loose 

 fashion, and he was the first one, I think, to put it in the common 

 sense bottle, and he was a man who was brought up in a college 

 atmosphere and one in whom the spirit of investigation was strong. 

 He said to himself, I want to determine whether this is a dollars and 

 cents proposition, to put in this bottling, and I will do it for a year 

 and keep an account. He made a careful estimate. He found that 

 trorn the standpoint of dollars and cents the putting in of those 

 bottles as a means of peddling milk, as against peddling loose milk 

 was a saving to him. The question arises. How can that be, when 

 you take into consideration the inital cost of those bottles, and for 

 the mechanism for filling the bottles? He found it to be quite an 

 economy. It did not pay in one year the whole expense but it 

 paid. 



PROF. VAN NORMAN: In connection with the bottles, I may 

 make this suggestion. Those of you who take up bottling, or who 

 are making a change in your methods, consider the advisability of 

 paying your driver on the basis of a minimum guaranty, say $30 or 

 $35, and a certain per cent, for every hundred bottles brought back. 



A Member: What do you consider the best kind of cow stall? 



PROF. VAN NORMAN: The stall which will give the cow most 

 liberty and keep her the cleanest. Each one will have to figure out 

 to suit his own conditions and case. 



