744 Annual report of tiik off. boc 



making transportation and storage. There arc many oilier problems 

 which need attention, among them may be mentioned breeding for 

 more profitable cows, questions of feeding for flavor and color in 

 butter, regulating the amount of moisture in butter, Pasteurization 

 of milk, etc. The Government desires to solve these problems and 

 many others. We can accomplish much more if we have the assist- 

 ance and sympathy and co-operation of your association as well as 

 those of other states. 



SOME THINGS SCIENCE HAS DONE OF LATE FOR DAIRYING. 



By Phof. J. L. 1IILLS. 



Mark Twain in his inimitable "Roughing It," tells us of a revolver 

 which u if it didn't get what it went after it would fetch something 

 else." Concerning it he further remarks when fired "there was no 

 sate place in all the region round about but behind it." 



Now my talk to you to-day bids fair to be somewhat like this 

 "dismally formidable" weapon. It is a scattering discourse, and 

 there* is "no safe place in all the region round about it;" for it is 

 aimed at the man beside the cow who milks her, and the man in front 

 of the cow who feeds her; at the man who separates her milk, and at 

 him who churns the cream; at the cheesemaker, at the creamery 

 manager, and at the maker of market milk. You are all in line with 

 its muzzle, but luckily it is not loaded with fault finding, but with 

 facts. What I have to say breathes of optimism rather than pes 

 simism. The message of modern science to dairying is helpful and 

 inspiring, though it often lays upon the individual a greater re- 

 sponsibility because of increased knowledge. 



What are some of the things which science has done of late for 

 dairying. Let us at the outset get a clear conception of the meaning 

 of the word science. The last generation of farmers almost to a 

 man balked at it, and many to-day look askance as it is in no way 

 allied to or helpful in the pursuit of their calling. This attitude 

 seems in part due to misunderstanding as to what science is and 

 does. Science indicates the results attained in the search for truth, 

 grouped in such a manner as will aid in showing the relationships 

 of these results to each other. Science, in other words, is "an 

 orderly arrangement of well ascertained facts." The results of some 

 lines of research may seem at times to be quite without practical 

 learning. But we should remember, when tempted to style any such 

 work as useless, that a notion which is derided by one generation as 

 impracticable, or, indeed, false, often becomes an everyday a hair in 

 the next generation. For instance, the invention of photography 

 was placed in an insane asylum becuse he claimed he could transfer 

 his likeness to a tin plate; Franklin's ideas as to the nature of light- 

 ning were laughed at, and Galvani was called a fool and "the frog's 

 dancing master" because of his study of galvanic electricity. 



Science does not pretend to say the last word. It formulates 

 theories to discard them as new discoveries lend further light. It, 

 like practice, is ever an evolution. Hence it follows that I may tell 



