EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS 343 



cieut, sufficient moisture must be present. Tliis may be provided by placing- an 

 iron d;sli ( ontaining sulpliur in a tub witli a few inclies of water in it. By so doinsr, 

 not only is the moisture provided, but also a safe means of burning sulphur. To 

 light the sulphur, pour over it a little alcohol, just enough to start it well. 



Pormalii may be conducted through a keyhole from the regenerator, or the re- 

 generator may be placed in the room. The former method may be regarded as the 

 safer. The gas is regenerated from the forty per cent solution under pressui'e by 

 the use of an apparatus especially designed for the purpose, or it may be, accord- 

 ing to Novy, regenerated from a very simple device by means of rapid ebullition. 

 <See Teachers' Sanitary Bulletin. Vol. I, No. 3 of the State Board of Health.) These 

 two methods are used to pi'event any change in the formalin, which is very likely 

 to occur when tlie regeneration is slow. Of the two, Novy's must be regarded as 

 the simpler, for there is only a small tin can with a small tube leading from it to 

 the keyhole. In the other, which requires pressure, an automatic valve is needed 

 additionally. 



One hundred fifty cubic centimeters or five ounces of formalin to every thousand 

 cubic feet of space is placed in tlie can and the tube of the apparatus is connected 

 with the keyhole of the door. The lamp or stove is started underneath the recep- 

 tacle and the regeneration takes place in a very short time. After all the formalin 

 has been liberated, the apparatus is removed and thekevhole pluo-tred. 



Whether in the case of suli)hur fumes or formalin gas, the room should be com- 

 pletely closed. There should remain no cracks or holes in the windows or doors, or 

 any part of the room, by which gas may escape. 



If sulphur is used, the room «hould remain closed for forty-eight hours: if formalin 

 gas is employed, from six to eight hours will be effective. 



Should there be any furniture in the room, it may be treated as the woodwork in 

 the room and subjected to tlie gas. 



DISINFECTION OF CREAMERIES, CHEESE FACTORIES AND DAIRIES. 



What is applicable to the disinfection of a room is in general applicable to tlie 

 disinfection of the above with slight modifications. 



The dairy or factory is always supposed to he absolutely clean, but unfortunat'^ly 

 this is too often a fake supposition, for it is not infrequently the case to find filth 

 and dirt extending to the very edge of tli»^ vat, covering the outside of the tanks and 

 spreading over the floor and all the woodwork. So thick is it many times that it 

 may be scraped off in thick layers. To use gas or disinfecting fluids under such 

 condition is like washing sin out of the human body by applying water to the sur- 

 face. To disinfect a dairy or a factory of this kind effectually means that every 

 particle of dirt and filth must be removed and the woodwork practically polished. 

 The dirt and dust must be removed from every crack, the vats and tanks must be 

 scoured, the seams and corners cleaned our. After this is done, wash the woodwork 

 which does not come in contact with the milk or milk products in any way with 

 .a three to five per cent solution of carbolic acid. Use boiling water or steam to dis- 

 infect the inside of vats, tanks and utensils. Do not use chemical disinfectants for 

 any surface which comes in contact with milk or milk products. After this has 

 been done, all holes and cracks should be stopped to prevent the escape of formalin 

 gas or sulphur gas, which should be used in the same manner as in the disinfection 

 of rooms. It is understood that no milk or milk products should remain in the 

 room during the process of disinfection, and the room should be well aired before 

 using it again. 



Paint and whitewash will add much to the disinfection by way of cleanliness and 

 tidiness. They will also make cleaning less difficult and will tend to keep thp 

 creamery or factory fr>^e from unwholesome odors. 



DISINFECTION OF BARNS AND STABLES. 



Unless the barn or stable is sealed over, the unevenness of the timliers, the large 

 cracks and rough lumber usually used in building a barn or stable render disinfec- 

 tion difficult. The moi'e smoothly finished and the less the number of cracks and 

 corners to clean out and disinfect, the less will be the expense for material and for 

 labor, and the more thorough will be the execution. Whatever the expense, disin- 

 fection l>ecomes necessary at times or the building must be used for other purposes 

 than for sheltering animals; for if a single animal is saved by the effort, the reward 

 is sufficient to meet the expense incurred in the operation. However, when a barn 

 is properly constructed, the cost of disinfection ma.\ be reduced to the minimum 

 and it becomes a small matter. 



