EXPEKIMENT STATION BULLETINS 397 



which were often ilamnied hy tlie beavers into a succession of beaver meadows. Two 

 or three Iron county clays will be found analyzed in our paper on "Clays and Shales," 

 by Professor Kies. 



Beyond the iron country we come into a long trough, whieli forms an extension 

 to Keweenaw Bay. and extends a little west of Gogebic Lake. This is underlain by 

 sandstone and the soil is generally sandy, and it was at one time covered with a 

 dense growth of pine. I tliink the finest view of pine I have ever seen was in the 

 drive from Norwich mine to Matchwood, where the road runs as through colonnades 

 of an endless cathedral. On the north side of this area, which also extends up the east 

 side of Keweenaw Point to Lac La Belle, lies the Copper Kange. This is in general 

 covered a\ ith a heavy growth of sugar maple, though on the top, where are the over- 

 washed sand and gravel of the ice age, there has been not a little pine and hemlock, 

 and this growth of liardwood indicates the good character of the soil, which is some- 

 what more clayey. 



The basic rocks of wliich the Copper Range is mainly composed, weather dowTi 

 into an impure red clay, and as the rocks themselves contain a relatively large per 

 cent of phosphorus and soda, it may be expected that the clays will be fertile. Such 

 has been the ex])crience in otlier regions as to clays which come from the disintegra- 

 tion of such rocks. 



I should, perhaps, mention in regard to this sandy region south of the Copper 

 Range, that analyses of the underlying sandstone show relatively high per cent of 

 feldspar, amounting in some cases to one-third of the rock, so that the sandy soils 

 derived therefrom should have, therefore, a good per cent of potash, which would 

 be slowly yielded by decomposition, to the permanent enrichment of the soils. 



