324 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 



empiiical manner. She is rosponsible for many things, and in order to 

 accom]^lisli llic desirod cMid slic mnsl lia\(' llic information which tech- 

 nical science will give. 



Further than tliis it becomes necessary to acquire a broader knowl- 

 edge of the sciences, such as Chemistry, Physics, Anatomy, Physiology, 

 Bacteriology and Polany than l)as been implied in the foregoing illus- 

 trations. This paper purposely omits the discussion of other phases 

 than that of the sciences wliich we believe to be fundamental to the 

 intelligent and harmonious develo])ment of the home. 



In managing the home, thei-efore. the liomemaker will find much need 

 for thought and study, and will have no cause to com])laiu of the mo- 

 notony of it all. She will find no time for the agitation of questions 

 which take her out of the feminine boundaries into the masculine 

 fields of labor. 



It lias been noted in our casual review of this subject that the sciences 

 underlying the home are working their way gradually to that position 

 now occupied by the sciences upon which medicine and agriculture are 

 founded, and, from our discussion of Sanitation and Cooking it will be 

 easily seen how technical science affects the home. 



The civilization of a people may be measured by the condition of its 

 women, for with the advancement of our civilization has come the 

 emancipation of our women and their exaltation in the home. The 

 nation depends upon the home, and the home, in turn, depends upon 

 the health and happiness of the people composing it, which cannot be 

 secured unless the home is based upon scientific knowledge. Someone 

 has said: ''Scientific housekeej^ing is neither beneath the attention 

 of the refined, nor bevond the reach of the uncultured. It is the dutv of 

 the rich; it is the salvation of the poor." 



JUSTIN SMITH MORRILL. 



N. A. McCUXi:, COMMEXCEMEXT ADDRESS. RErUESENTIKG THE AGRICULTURAL 



COURSE. 



The close of the revolutionary war and the opening of the nineteenth 

 century wrought great changes in all industrial pursuits. The ties 

 to the mother-country which liad so long checked the nation's progress, 

 were shaken forever, and new' energy, new strength suddenly arose, 

 and entered into every department of human enterprise. And of those 

 pursuits whose advancement was most marked under the new regime, 

 none showed greater changes, or indicated broader avenues for develop- 

 ment than agriculture. The rapid acquisition of land to the West 

 and South, with their diversity of climate, their wonderful alluvial 

 soils, their teeming valleys, soon impressed the American farmer that 

 ])is was a heritage of tremendous resources — his for the taking. There- 

 fore many of the older homesteads were abandoned for the fields of the 

 ^Yest. and the advancemnet of the one section was gained through 

 the retrogression of the other. 



Thus husbandry developed, constantly embracing new phases, and 



