No. 7. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 185 



tive stomach, and these are laid in position just as they appear in. 

 the natural animal. A great man}- people get peculiar ideas as to 

 where this stomach of the cow lies, and that is I think, a wonder- 

 fully nice thing to stud}^, and it is a great help if fully understood, 

 in knowing how to treat them. Here in this stomach (indicating) 

 we have the true digestive part where the food is pressed and 

 agitated, separated, getting out the parts that go to make up the 

 blood and the muscle. 



We will go on a little further. Here we have the liver in position 

 with the gall bladder here (indicating). In regard to the digestive 

 organs, here we have coming down through the esophagus or small 

 pipe which you will notice runs between the lungs and in here we 

 have the wind-pipe or the trachea. Now it would not be best if 

 I could, to go on and give you a miuute description of every one of 

 these organs or every one of these little nerves and blood-vessels 

 and all those things, but our time won't admit. Here we have the 

 trachea which you see goes into these tubes right here as shown. 

 The air goes through here and then it begins to sub-divide just like 

 the little brooks that go to make up a great river. 



One thing I wish to mention, that is, the choking of animals. 

 Hardly a farmer who has not had more or less experience with 

 animals being choked, and this can be remedied to a very great ex- 

 tent, or can be relieved. While animals will get choked once in a 

 while, it can be helped, and I will tell you how the choking will take 

 place, probably up in here (indicating on model), although it may 

 be down here back of the lungs and Aery near the stomach. I will 

 tell you the simplest thing in the world to do in a case of that kind, 

 and it may save the life of a valuable animal and will not hurt 

 your animal. Take a piece of common rubber hose, you need not 

 use only about six feet of it, and insert that right down the cow's 

 n^k; perhaps it would be well to take a card and put this in the 

 animal's mouth to hold her mouth open and run this rubber pipe 

 right down here until you strike your apple or whatever it may be 

 that chokes her. Often it will occur that the apple is so swelled 

 in there, or so firmly wedged as to be difficult to stir. Now step 

 back to your buggy and take your buggy whip and run it down 

 this rubber pipe. The pipe as it strikes the apple will fit around 

 that apple so that there will be no danger of making any hole, and 

 then press the end of your whip carefully down until it reaches 

 the stomach, and when it reaches the stomach, the gas will certainly 

 escape through that pipe so quick that your animal will be entirely 

 i-elieved in a very few minutes. 



Only last fall I w'as called to see a cow that was choked. I 

 noticed blood dribbling down the sides of her mouth, and I asked 

 {he owmer of the cow what he had been doing and he wouldn't tell 

 me. I did not blame him; I wouldn't either, if I had done it, but 

 finally he said, "I took the rake's tail and put it down her throat 

 and it went somewhere but she didn't seem to be any better," I said 

 to him, "I can tell you where it went, it went through that esopha- 

 gus, and into the muscles of the neck which will cause the death 

 of your cow very soon," which it did. The cow died that night. To 

 be sure that he had done the mischief, he cut the neck open and 

 found a slit about six inches long where he had forced the rake 



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