524 ANNUAL REPORT OP THE Off. Doc. 



t^ven ask what varieties they ought to plant out in other states. I 

 (Jon't know why they think we should know such things because it 

 is one of the difficult things we have to deal with. As has been 

 stated here it is largely a question of locality, of market, of soil and 

 as to what the man wants to grow for, and very frequently the 

 question comes before us as one of those difficult questions and is 

 one of the least interesting problems that comes before us at an ex- 

 periment station. Having gone over the State of Pennsylvania, I 

 have been impressed with the fact that one particular variety is 

 just the thing to grow and if we should know where they are best 

 grown it would be worth a whole lot to us. I find in the bulletins 

 some information on the A^arieties suitable for certain counties, but 

 I thinlv you will agree. with me it is not an exhaustive study, and it 

 is almost impossible to say what variety is best to be grown in any 

 particular section. However, we find in the northern part of the 

 State that the Baldwin and Northern Spy, perhaps the Baldwin more 

 than the Spy, are counted on as being the best varieties for that 

 section. Out in the western part of the State the Rome Beauty seems 

 to be one of the best varieties. Down in the southern part of the 

 State the York Imperial stands head and shoulder over all, and in the 

 eastern part of the State they are in doubt as to what is best to tie 

 to. So that in one county it is this variety and in another county 

 it is that variety. Therefore, I say, it is not a very satisfactory 

 thing to attempt to tell another man what varieties he ought to 

 plant. We have also a number of varieties that are succeeding in 

 other places, which are trying to find their^way into Pennsylvania 

 and some of these ought to be planted in an experimental way in 

 the different sections of the State in order to determine their value. 



Since hearing Dr. Funk speak of the Staman Winesap apple, and 

 tasting some of the excellent fruit he had here yesterday I am very 

 much impressed with that fruit, and think it ought to be planted in 

 the south-eastern and southern part of this State. I usually tell 

 persons who inquire with reference to the variety to plant, that it 

 is necessary for them to examine the soil and select the varieties 

 which is more or less known in the market where they handle 

 their fruit, and to select an apple of medium size because it is more 

 profitable than a large apple. Also to select an apple that is red 

 in color and one that resists fungus diseases. I don't know any 

 variety that is better with respect to this, than the York Imperial 

 and I believe it will succeed in more counties than any other variety. 



When I am asked in regard to the best variety as to quality I 

 usually say the Baldwin, but in that the Baldwin is now suffering 

 from that spot and they are less interested in the Baldwin Jbecause 

 of that increasing condition of the Baldwin variety. 



It would pay us in starting new to have our trees budded or top 

 grafted by taking the scions from a resistant tree. So I say we 

 seem to know in a little way what varieties are best to be planted. 

 Onr knowledge of that is something like the man that Joseph Jeffer- 

 son tells us about wiio seemed to know something on every subject, 

 and inviting some friends to his place, and after supper they sat on 

 his porch and talking about different subjects Joseph Jefferson said 

 to Mr. Jones, you are well informed, now tell us why one apple tree 

 across the fence there, has no fruit on it, and the other is loaded 

 with them, and Mr. Jones went over and dug down and took a piece 

 of bark off the roots and showed where it had some substance on it 



