No. 7. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 625 



and said, that is the fungo mortem and when that occurs on the 

 roots of a tree it cannot bear fruit but he did not take into account 

 that the man was here yesterday and tooL: the apples otf that tree. 

 I believe with Mr. Creasy who finds that the Baldwin is the best to 

 be grown in his locality that, that is the apple which should be grown 

 there and that in New York State where they find the Rome Beauty 

 is a fine bearer and is of fine quality, that, that is the apple that 

 should be planted there. 



(The discussion following the presentation of the foregoing sub- 

 ject is omitted for want of space.) 



SPRAYING AND THINNING. 



Bv H. C. SNAVELY. Lebanon, Pa. 



THE PRESIDENT.— Mr Suavely is not here. He has sent his 

 paper which will be read by Mr. Lefevre. 



After chosing a soil adapted for the best development of tree 

 and fruit, relating varieties adapted to the particular locality and 

 bestowing the best cultural attention, in the way of feeding and 

 tillage; there yet remains the most important phase of successful 

 fruit growing in general and apple growing in particular. 



With the advent and increase of insect, pests and fungous dis- 

 eases it has become impossible to maintain a vigorous and healthy 

 tree, or to secure sound and attractive fruit, without a well con- 

 sidered and well directed plan of combatting insects and fungi. 



The spraying outfit is indispensible with the up-to-date fruit 

 grower. Before the appearance of the scale insects, it was pos- 

 sible to have live trees, though stripped of the foliage by the cater- 

 pillar or canker worm, and the fruit tunneled and furrowed by the 

 (!oddling worm or gnarled and knotty by the work of the curculio or 

 scabbed and rusty, ready to take an untimely leave and return to 

 mother earth, saving the trouble and expense of thinning or pick- 

 ing, altogether an object lesson of ignorance, negligence and thrift- 

 lessness. 



Since the scale insects cause the destruction of the trees, who- 

 ever wants to have live trees must resort to spraying, and whoever 

 wants healthy trees and good fruit must also spray. 



Spraying spells fighting, but the work must be well directed. This 

 necessary part of orchard work is too disagreeable and too expensive 

 to go about aimlessly. 



One should know when to spray, how to spray and with what to 

 spray for best results. 



Sufficient literature is at the command of every one. The ex- 

 periment stations all over the country have issued bulletins dealing 

 with every phase of combatting fungi and insects that infest fruit 

 trees. Our own State has furnished instruction not only through 



