No. 7. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 699 



the country — but it is better adapted to doing other things, and we 

 need not send our young blood out there to develop it. It has got 

 to be developed at its own expense. You have been doing that for 

 a hundred years. You could not help it. No one could. For the 

 last hundred years they have raised stock so cheaply that you could 

 not compete with them. Some of you have not had stock enough 

 to keep up the fertility of your land, but just as soon as you have 

 more stock on your land you will raise more corn and more wheat, 

 and you can afford to keep more stock because you are going to be 

 paid better than you have been. Some of the people here have 

 thought that the only thing that is going to continue in livestock 

 is raising milk and butter and shipping it to city markets; that the 

 meat business is out of it. Now, the fact is that these Eastern 

 states are better adapted for raising meat stock than they are for 

 dairy stock. They are better adapted to raising grass than cereals. 

 In Nebraska there are 32,000 hand separators; out there where you 

 have been thinking of them only as raising steers they are milking 

 cows, and sending their milk in some instances five hundred miles to 

 be made into butter. Three creameries in the state make ninety per 

 cent, of the butter made in that state. You have competition in 

 dairying, and there is coming about a re-adjustment of the livestock 

 conditions of this country. 



Now, there is one other thing I want to call your attention to; 

 some one has referred to what '"Teddy" thinks, and this brings home 

 to me the fact that they have been quite busy in Washington lately. 

 They have passed two .very important laws. In my mind they are 

 more important than most people realize. They have passed the 

 National Pure Food Law, and they have passed the Meat Inspection 

 Law. It is going to make a difference, I think. I went into one of the 

 big packing houses in Chicago, and when the head man of the house 

 showed me about, he took me to the department where they make 

 bone handles for knives. The girl in charge showed me how they 

 were made, and ''These we make into bone handles," she said, ''and" 

 showing me some other, "those made in this way are the imitation 

 stag horn, and those," showing me a third lot, "are real stag 

 horn." The girl was perfectly honest in her endeavor to make 

 things plain to me. Now, the other day I bought this knife of a 

 perfectly honest 3'oung man as genuine stag horn. Now, it does not 

 make any difference to me whether I carry a knife with a handle of 

 of genuine stag horn or not, but it does make a difference when I 

 eat a piece of meat whether it has poison in it or not. It makes 

 a difference to me when I eat sausage whether I eat so many pounds 

 of sausage, or so many pounds of sausage mixed with so many 

 pounds of potatoes, and so many pounds of water. I was told in this 

 same packing house that there was no kind of sausage in the 

 world that they could not supply, and I have a letter in which they 

 enumerated sixteen kinds which they make, and many other kind's 

 which they do not care to mention, for fear of hurting the trade. 

 Here is the point: This is the P(Mjnsylvania farmer's opportunity to 

 put on the market a good article. 



Now, gentlemen, you cannot buy Evaporated Cream any longer; 

 it will be just plain Evaporated Milk. You cannot buy coloVed peas'; 

 if you put colored matter. on the market some one will find it out) 



