164 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCrETY. 



gunny sack and suspended in a barrel (one with wood hoops is much to 

 be preferred) containing twenty-five gallons of water. This will dissolve 

 in about a day. One gallon of this ''stock solution"* is equal to two 

 pounds of copper sulphate. 



A good quick way to combine these three substances is as follows: 

 Put the amount of the "stock solution" of copper sulphate required in 

 a barrel, and add enough water to make 25 gallons, or one-half barrel. 

 Put about 7 pounds of the lime paste in a barrel and add 25 gallons of 

 water, making a thin whitewash. Pour, or let these two run together 

 into a third barrel, or directly into the spray barrel or tank, being sure 

 to strain. When partly run in, test with ferro-cyanide of potashf to 

 make sure enough lime has been used. If Paris green, arsenate of lead, 

 or any other poison is to be used, make it into a thin paste with a little 

 water and add it to the Bordeaux mixture, which is now ready to be 

 used. 



COPPER SULPHATE SOLUTION 



Is copper-sulphate dissolved in water. It is used by some growers 

 to spray peach trees to prevent the leaf curl where a spraying for scale 

 insects is not required. Two pounds of copper sulphate to 50 gallons of 

 water is strong enough for this purpose. 



POISONS USED IN SPRAYING. 



For Insects That Chew. 



ARSENATE OP LEAD. 



This poison is used very extensively. It can be secured for reason- 

 able price, is ready to use at any time, does not easily injure the foliage 

 and is the only poison that can be safely used in the lime-sulphur sprays. 



Injury to tender foliage like the peach has occasionally occurred by 

 spraying with arsenate of lead and water when the foliage was moist 

 from dew or rain. If necessary to spray tender foliage (peaches or 

 Japanese plums) at such a time it would be well to add 3 to 5 pounds 

 of slaked lime to every 50 gallons of the spraying material. 



Arsenate of lead is usually sold in kegs or "kits" or small barrels in the 

 form of a paste. Some companies have it in a powdered form. This form 

 usually costs twice as much or more per pound as the paste form and 

 since it does not contain much water only one-half the amount in 

 weight should be used as is recommended for the paste form. 



A simple, easy way to work the thick pasty arsenate of lead into a 

 thin, smooth paste (as it should be before using either alone or in some- 

 thing) is to put the amount required in a keg; add water and churn 

 with a dasher. This is much quicker than to use a paddle. 



* Always stir this "stock solution" before dipping any'out, in order that what is used may be full 

 strength. 



t-Ttiis chemical can be secured of any druggist. Ten cents worth dissolved in a pint of water will 

 be enough for a season. Drop a very little in the Bordeaux, if a reddish brown color appears more 

 lime must be added. If there is no discoloration, there is enough lime. Ferro-cyanide of potash 

 is extremely. poisonous, so observe great care in its use. 



