226 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 



market. Michigan beans have heretofore enjoyed the reputation of being 

 clean and free from weevil. 



Some attempt has been made to spread the gospel of clean seed, 

 and to urge growers to fumigate their product whenever weevil ap- 

 peared. This movement has been greatly facilitated by the manufac- 

 turers of carbon disulphide who are willing to supply moderate quant- 

 ities of a very good grade of this fumigant at between six and seven 

 cents per pound which is a fraction of the price ordinarily paid to the 

 retail dealers. 



Thus far the elevator men and the big growers have taken very kindly 

 to the idea and are willing to go to some little trouble to maintain our 

 previous high standard of quality. 



THE THREE-BANDED GRAPE LEAFHOPPER. 



The three-banded grape leaf hopper {Typlilocyha tricincta) was plenti- 

 ful in the grape belt but the spray of bordeaux and nicotine sulphate 

 was timed just right by a large proportion of the growers with very 

 gratifying results. The most effective applications were put on just as 

 the members of the first brood were about to acquire wings. Of course 

 some of the individuals were still in the egg stage but it seemed as if 

 the spray prevented some (at least) of these eggs from hatching. At any 

 rate the loss from leafhoppers was considerably less than the loss during 

 the year before, in spite of the fact that the season started with an 

 abundance of over-wintering adults. 



POTATO LEAFHOPPER IN ALFALFA. 



Leafhoppers in alfalfa appeared in very small numbers during the 

 latter part of the summer of 1922. No adequate control was found. All 

 sprays and dusts seemed too expensive to warrant their use. The species 

 proved to be the common form on potato {Empoasca mali). This un- 

 usual attack accentuates the desirability of burning all rubbish and 

 fallen leaves, which collect in fence-corners, around hedges and like 

 places late in the fall, — thus destroying the hibernating quarters of the 

 over-wintering hoppers, together with many other noxious pests. 



PARADICHLOROBENZENE. 



Paradichlorobenzene is coming into pretty general use against the 

 peach-tree borer. It is proving to be a safe and effective agent, and 

 has one very valuable attribute viz., by its use one can avoid the opera- 

 tion of "worming" peach-trees with its very real hazard of carrying the 

 infection of crown-gall from tree to tree on the tools employed. This 

 consideration alone should recommend the use of the chemical treat- 

 ment very strongly. The writer has witnessed the spread of crown-gall 

 from a few trees to an entire peach orchard merely by using an un- 

 sterilized knife on tree after tree in removing the larvae from about the 

 crown. 



