Miscellaneous. o75 



be dissolved in hot water, the Hme slacked in a suitable quantity of water, 

 the two being mixed together and strained into a barrel containing the 

 remaining amount of water. Much of the success in the use of this 

 fungicide depends upon the proper application and the time of spraying. 

 The trees should be thorO'Ughly sprayed. The first application should 

 be made soon after the leaves begin to unfold, followed by a second soon 

 after the petals begin to fall and by a third in less than two weeks if the 

 season has been favorable for the development of scab. Later sprayings 

 are apt to burn the foliage and russet the fruit and so are not very de- 

 sirable. Some writers advocate two sprayings before the petals fall, the 

 first with the swelling of the buds and the second after the leaves have 

 expanded, but before the petals are open. Winter spraying with a strong- 

 solution of copper sulphate has also been found to retard the first appear- 

 ance of scab, but it is questionable if it is worth the extra expense and 

 trouble, provided the first treatment with Bordeaux mixture is made 

 promptly and thoroughly. In case the codling moth is injurious, Paris 

 green, at the rate of one pound to 200 gallons of Bordeaux mixture, may 

 be added for the second and third sprayings. 



Besides, proper attention should be given to pruning, as properly 

 pruned trees are more easily and cheaply sprayed and also because un- 

 pruned trees afford greater protection against quick evaporation of moist- 

 ure and just so far favor infection by scab. The same holds true of 

 proper cultivation, since orchards neglected in this respect offer greater 

 protection to the fallen leaves, which are the means by which the per- 

 manent stage develops and produces infection in the spring. No careful 

 experiment of raking together and burning all of the fallen leaves from 

 an orchard has been carried on and so nothing definite can be said of 

 the advantage of this procedure. However, in a small plat in an orchard 

 from which the leaves had been so removed the first appearance of scab 

 on those trees seemed to have been retarded and reduced. Such work to 

 be of any value should be done very thoroughly in the autumn after all of 

 the leaves have fallen. — Orange Judd Farmer. 



A SPRAY. 



At the agricultural college they have found rosin much better than 

 kerosene emulsion for spraying to kill soft-bodied plant lice. Eight 

 pounds of rosin and four pounds of sal soda are mixed with a little water 

 and boiled until thoroughly mixed. It takes a good deal of boiling and 

 the ingredients should be stirred frequently. Add enough water to make 

 five gallons of stock solution. For spraying, use seven to nine times as 

 much water as stock solution. — Western Fruit Grower. 



