Miscellaneous. 397 



by the grower, among which may be named in their order, first, the con- 

 sumer; second, the character of the variety he plants — as to vigor in 

 growth of vine or tree and its productiveness, or shipping quahty. 



The commercial grower, however, generally reverses this order of 

 consideration. As he plants upon a large scale and his object is to handle 

 fruit from the standpoint of wholesale operations, his first consideration 

 is that of quantity, and, second, carrying qualit}'. 



He gives but little though to the consumer. His dealings are with 

 the broker, and when he has unloaded upon him the largest quantity of 

 fruit that he is capable of producing he feels that there his responsibility 

 has ended. 



He gives little consideration to the manner in which the consumer 

 receives his product — whether with satisfaction or with the feelings of 

 one who may have purchased a gold brick. 



So far has the interest of the consumer been ignored, and even im- 

 posed upon, that he now not infrequently offers public protest against 

 the quality of fruit that he is expected to consume. 



In apples, of which we have a very large number of varieties of all 

 grades of quality as to flavor, there are a few well-established, well-known 

 standard sorts that have commanded the first attention in all markets. 

 Among those most prominent may be mentioned in summer varieties — the 

 Red Astrachan, Benoni, Early Harvest, Primate, Sweet Bough, Williams 

 and Yellow Transparent. 



This class of apples is used more largely for cooking purposes than 

 for dessert, and from these might be selected, according to the section or 

 location, as possessing excellent cooking quality, and in general demand, 

 the Astrachan, Primate, Sweet Bough, Williams, the two last named 

 v.'hen ripened coming within the list of excellent dessert fruits. 



In the autumn varieties there is an imposing number to select from. 

 Alexander, Duchess and Twenty Ounce may be considered as highly 

 profitable varieties, yet not possessing the highest quality. Their chief 

 value is in their cooking quality, while the Gravenstein. Fameuse. Porter. 

 Rambo and Smokehouse may be ranked among the finest of dessert fruits. 



With the exception of the Alexander, the first named varieties are 

 generally large yielders, while the last, with possibly the Gravenstein to 

 be excepted, are equally productive. 



In the planting of the commercial orchards of winter varieties we 

 would follow the same principle — choosing those varieties that combine 

 the highest quality for both dessert and cooking purposes. — The Prac- 

 tical Fruit Grower. 



