18 State Horticultural Society. 



Hard soap will do if you cannot get the soft soap. You can make 

 a soft soap and not make it so strong. We put in just enough lime to 

 make a good white wash. Keep the mixture well stirred when putting 

 on the trees. Keep using it until you have nothing but dregs in the bot- 

 tom and then throw that around the roots of the trees. 



I think lime is one of the greatest agencies to fight insects. We 

 throw it around and under the trees and when we find a tree going back, 

 we throw lime about the roots. Do not be sparing with it ; it will not 

 hurt anything and the next year you will have fruit and fine foliage.. 

 I use unslacked lime or any kind of waste lime. If I run out of the un- 

 slacked lime, I throw quick lime under the trees. 



W. P. Keith. — Do you use only one and a half spoonfuls of car- 

 bolic acid in the water? 



Mr. Todd. — That's all. We may get a little more than that, but 

 I would be afraid to get much more in. 



Mr. Keith. — I use three times more than that and found good effect 

 by using at least twice as much as you did. 



Mr. Todd. — I was afraid to use more than that. It does not take 

 much of the crude acid to make it strong. 



Mr. Keith. — This spring I used one half gallon to the barrel of 

 whitewash, and I can endorse what he said about the rabbits, and 

 I found not a single borer in five-year-old trees. 



Dr. Chas. O. Ozias, Warrensburg, Mo. — I would say I have used 

 a wash similar to that one for about fourteen years. I can testify 

 to the good it has done my orchard. I use the unslacked lime, because 

 it sticks better, and I always made it a rule to use seventy-five cents 

 worth of crude carbolic acid to the barrel, never had an injurious effect 

 on the trees, and kept the bark smooth and clean. Of late years I 

 added fire clay to make it stick better. If you get the white wash too 

 thick, it will not stick well and will scale ofiP. 



Tree Wash. — To a barrel of whitewash add one gallon .of crude 

 carbolic acid, two gallons of soft soap, ten pounds of sulphur. In mak- 

 ing, put a peck of unslacked lime in a barrel, with your soap and sul- 

 phur, add water to cover whole to slack the lime and keep from burning. 

 Cover well to keep in steam as it all boils together. Then add water 

 to make sufificiently thin to spread well. 



DR. CHAS. O. OZIAS. 



Mr. Morrill, Macon, Ga. — I can testify that this wash keeps the 

 borers out. That is what we use in Georgia. It will keep out peach 

 borers. We use one-half pint of crude carbolic acid to every five gal- 

 lons of whitewash. We use one quart of soft soap, one pound of sul- 

 phur and half a pound of salt is still used in Georgia, for the reason 



