158 State Horticultural Society. 



Red raspberry inoculated with apple galls, 72 per cent, were affected. 



Red raspberry inoculated with raspberry galls, 33 1-3 per cent, were affected. 



Red raspberry inoculated with peach galls, 40 per cent, were affected. 



Blackcap raspberry inoculated with apple galls, 26 per cent, were affected. 

 Blackcap raspberry inoculated with raspberry galls, 71 per cent, were affected. 

 Blackcap raspberry inoculated with peach galls, 33 1-3 per cent, were affected. 



From the above it would seem that red raspberries, which are 

 nearly always affected with galls, should not be planted among 

 either peach or apple trees. 



LONG AND SHORT ROOT GRAFTS. 

 ALSO EFFECTS OF SOIL. 



In the spring of 1903 an experiment was started to determine 

 whether more galls are formed when the point of union between scion 

 and root is near the surface of the ground than deep in the soil. Also 

 if there is any dift'erence in the extent of the gall in different soils. 



For the above purposes 440 grafts were used, one-half of each 

 variety having short roots, two to three inches long, with eight-inch 

 scions, and the other half with long roots, four to five inches 

 in length, and scions three to four inches long. These were divided 

 into lots and half of each planted in clay soil and the remainder in 

 loess soil on the Missouri river. 



The following is a record of the trees affected with galls after one 

 season's growth : 



Ben Davis, long roots, clay soil, 76 per cent, gall ; loess, 33 per cent. gall. 

 Ben Davis, short roots, clay soil, 25 per cent, gall ; loess, 87 per cent. gall. 



Jonathan, long roots, clay soil, 22 per cent, gall ; loess, 25 per cent. gall. 

 Jonathan, short roots, clay soil, 14 per cent, gall ; loess, 37 per cent. gall. 



Gano, long roots, clay soil, 84 per cent, gall ; loess, 20 per cent. gall. 

 Gano, short roots, clay soil, 14 per cent, gall ; loess, 16 2-3 per cent. gall. 

 Grimes Gofden, long roots, clay soil, 72 per cent, gall ; loess, 29 per cent. gall. 

 Grimes Golden, short roots, clay soil, 75 per cent, gall ; loess, 35 per cent. gall. 



Northern Spy, long roots, clay soil, 39 per cent, gall ; loess, 17 per cent. gall. 

 Northern Spy, short roots, clay soil, 34 per cent. ; loess, 17 per cent. gall. 



Senator, long roots, clay soil, 85 per cent, gall ; loess, 50 per cent. gall. 

 Senator, short roots, clay soil, 71 per cent, gall ; loess, 53 per cent. gall. 



Apple of Commerce, short roots, clay soil, no record ; loess, 66 2-3 per cent. gall. 

 Apple of Commerce, long roots, clay soil, 40 per cent, gall ; loess, 50 per cent. gall. 



Richardson's Red, long roots, clay soil, 33 1-3 per cent, gall : loess, 9 per cent. gall. 

 Richardson's Red, short roots, clay soil, 22 per cent, gall : loess, 25 per cent. gall. 



The conclusions of the matter from the data at hand must be 

 that the gall develops best where the root is long, thus causing the 

 point of union between the scion and stock to be near the surface of 



