Winter Meeting. 253 



young twigs with poison. This is difficult, as the leaves prevent the 

 spray from covering the twigs. 



West India Scale. — This scale is not from the West Indies. It is 

 very conspicuous, making the tree look like it had been white washed. 

 It is almost as bad as the vSan Jose scale. It will attack almost any 

 plant of a deciduous nature. Nursery stock may be rid of it by fumi- 

 gating with hydrocyanic acid gas. Some parts of the East are abso- 

 lutely overrun with this scale. 



Canker zvorm must be taken in hand when it first appears if you 

 would successfully fight it. It feeds rapidly. Spray with arsenical 

 poisons, using one pound of Paris green to one hundred gallons of 

 water with the usual three pounds of fresh lime added. There is no reason 

 to suft'er from this pest. It is easy to fight. You can prevent it by 

 bandaging your trees in September or October. Take wire netting 

 four inches wide, lap it around the tree, cutting it some six inches longer 

 than the circumference of the tree Avith a pair of shears ; cut into one 

 edge of this four-inch strip at short intervals. Put it on the tree with the 

 cut edge up, overlapping the sections so that the lower edge of the net- 

 ting will stand out. from the tree ; remove all rough bark and fasten the 

 screen close to the body of the tree with tacks. The female of this insect 

 is wingless and gets on the tree by crawling up the trunk. I have never 

 known them to crawl around the edge of the screen put on as described. 

 Be sure and stop up all holes between bark and screen. 



The spring canker worm comes out in warm days as early as 

 January and crawls up the trees. The fall canker worms begin to come 

 out the first of October. The same remedies apply to shade trees. 



The Leaf Grumpier is an insect you can easily find and pick 

 while the leaves are off the trees. The insect is in a little case in the 

 dead leaves upon the trees. It feeds upon the young leaves in the early 

 spring. From a few small trees it can be easily picked by hand. Spray 

 large trees with arsenical poisons soon as leaves appear. 



Tarnished Plant Bug sucks the sap from the buds of trees and plants, 

 and does damage early in the spring. Spray with kerosene emulsion, or the 

 ten per cent, kerosene water mixture, as made by the spray pumps made 

 for making a mechanical mixture of kerosene and water in the propor- 

 tion desired. 



The Buffalo Tree Hopper sometimes badly punctures young trees, and 

 gieatly damages them, very rarely old trees. The punctures are made 

 only for the purpose of depositing eggs. When the young hatch they 

 drop to the ground and feed upon weeds. The most successful way to 

 fight them is to fight the weeds. Hogs seem to get rid of them in 

 some way, or at least prevent them from developing. 



