/idililiintal /'iij-crs. y> I I 



ma\' here be called to the economic value of the ( 'atalpa ; sevc ral railroad 

 corporations are cultivating^ it to obtain timber for ties and poles. 



White Ash (Fra.vinns Americana, L.) Cottonwood {Populus dcl- 

 toidcs, Marsh). Basswood (Tilia auicricana, L.) and Black Walnut 

 (Juglaus nigra, L.) are trees which are suited to almost all parts of the 

 State, and will give good results. 



The evergreen coniferous trees are valuable for lawns, parks, drives, 

 etc., and add much to the attractiveness of the home surroundings. The 

 best effects are obtained by planting the large evergreens at the rear and 

 sides of the grounds. ' Their dark green foliage forms a desirable back- 

 ground for the lighter colors of the deciduous trees. 



The White Pine {Piniis strobits, L.) is a rapid grower and succeeds 

 well on a variety of soils. The tree does not attain rapid growth until 

 after the fifth or sixth year ; from that time until the twentieth year it 

 grows from one to two and one-half feet per year. A number of fine 

 specimens of White Pine stand in the lawn of the Rollins homestead at 

 Columbia. These trees were planted in 1855 by Col. J. H. Rollins. In 

 1897 ^^^ largest was twenty-nine inches in diameter, breast high, and 

 sixty-four feet nine inches in height. 



The Norway Spruce (Picca c.vcclsa. Link.) is adapted to a loamy 

 soil, but should not be planted on extremely dry soils, for it is badly 

 injured by drouth. It grows at first rather slowly, but about the tenth 

 or twelfth year its height-growth becomes rapid, and it" develops into a 

 symmetrical, conical tree. This tree is well suited for hedges and wind- 

 breaks. For the latter purpose, plant two or three rows, eight feet apart, 

 the trees in one row alternating with those in the next. 



The y\ustrian (Black) Pine (Piiiiis Laricio, Poir. var. austriaca) 

 is frost-hardy and not sensitive to drought. It likes a moderately deep, 

 porous and fairly moist soil, which need not be fertile. The tree de- 

 velops a straight stem with a dome-shaped crown; as a rule, the height 

 does not exceed seventy-five feet. 



Of the smaller evergreens, a few deserve mention. 



The Red Juniper (Junipcnts inrginiana, L.) is an important ever- 

 green for prairie regions ; it endures drought well. The branches are 

 horizontal, close together, and feathered to the ground. In some regions 

 it forms a tree forty or fifty feet high, but in this state it is frequently 

 seen only in the form of a shrub. 



The Irish Juniper {Jnnipcnis communis Hibcrnica, Loddiges) forms 

 a graceful, compact and slender pyramid attaining a height of six to fifteen 

 feet. 



The Arbor Vitae (White Cedar) {Thuya occidcntalis, L.) is a rapid 



