PROMISING NEW CHERRIES. 329 



foliage is quite as perfect as any of the above noted sorts. But on our trying 

 grounds they have shown in the stem some slight indications of winter injury, 

 and cannot be recommended for trial north of the 41st parallel. The descrip- 

 tions of fruit are from our European notes, mainly. 



Abbesse Be Oigmes. — Of the Red Duke family, grown in east Russia, on 

 favorable soils in north Silesia, and southeast Russia. In no case have we 

 known the leaves injured by rust or mildew. Even the present unfavorable 

 seasons the foliage of our budded trees is perfect. Fruit large, round, dark 

 red. When rijpe mildly sub-acid. 



Red Oraiiicn. — This is given by Hogg and Leroy as a synonym of Carna- 

 tion. But as we have it Irom north Silesia it is of the Red Duke family, and 

 very unlike the Carnation in leaf, habit of growth or fruit. As it endures the 

 spring frosts in north Silesia, and east Poland, its promising for trial in 

 south Iowa. Fruit in season and quality much like the preceding. 



Aviarelle Bunt. — Another variety of the Red Dukes much prized in north 

 Silesia for dessert use and cooking. A fine grower in orchard and nursery 

 and far hardier in tree on our grounds than Richmond or English Morello, 

 mainly, I think, on account of its more perfect foliage. The fruit is highly 

 prized in the markets of Warsaw, Poland. 



Buchess Be Angouleme. — Of Red Duke family. Foliage perfect and a fine 

 grower. A heart-shaptd fruit of large size and excellent quality. • 



• Ores Gobet. — This has been classed with the Montmorencies, and even 

 with the Kentish, but it is plainly crossed with the east Europe Dukes. 

 Fruit large, red. Flesh white, quite acid, and best for canning. Ripens 

 about the 2 th of July with us. 



Red Muscateller. — A cross with the Red Dukes, with neat habit and good 

 foliage. Common in north Silesia on dry soil. Fruit large and said to be 

 of good quality for dessert and other uses. 



Bouble Glass. — First seen in north Silesia. A fine grower with perfect 

 leaf. A large fruited variety of the Red Dukes likely to prove valuable south 

 of Des Moines. 



Vilne Sioeet. — A variety sent us from Vilne in southwest Russia. As tested 

 at Vilne the fruit was large, early and sweet. A good round topped grower 

 with best foliage. We regard it very promising for trial in south Iowa. 



GENEKAL ISTOTES. 



Beep Setting. — It is general conceded that dry ridge soil with porous sub- 

 soil is best for the cherry. On such soil the trees set in orchard should be 

 put down from four to six inches deeper than they stood in the nursery. 

 Eastern trees are always budded on tender roots and we are compelled to 

 root graft on the Mazzard roots, or bud on the Mahaleb. By setting deep, 

 roots will be thrown out from the scions, or above the bud, in two or three 

 years. Indeed, the Russian and East German sorts often throw out roots from 

 the scions the first year after setting the root grafts in nursery. When 

 rooted from the scion in the nursery the seedling root can be cut away, and 

 the tree put in the orchard on its own roots, permitting rapid multiplication 

 by sprouts and root cuttings. 



Heading Loto. — Even in west Europe low cordon and bush training of the 

 cherry is becoming common in many parts. In east Europe, in sections 

 remote from large bodies of water, all stone fruit trees are headed low. In 



