FORTIETH ANNUAL REPORT. 107 



tliin land where it needs bnilding np. We should take care of our land 

 and build it up and when this is done the fertility will be given out to 

 the fruit trees and you will be amply repaid for your effort and expense. 

 I think perhaps this is enough on this subject and now I will be glad to 

 answer any questions that I can. 



DISCUSSION. 



A member — I would like to know if Mr. Kose has any trouble in his 

 orchard Avith trees dying out by rot either cherry or peach? 



Mr. Rose — Yes we lose some cherries from this cause. You can't tell 

 by looking at them just what it is that causes it and an examinatiou 

 does not reveal anything wrong, yet they die. When the tree dies we 

 just put in another one. We have never lost any peach trees from this 

 cause. 



Q. Do you have any disease among your peach trees? 



Mr. Rose — I don't believe there is a diseased tree in the county and 

 there are peach trees there that have borne continuously for 31 years. 



A member — My idea in saying anything at all about this matter was 

 prompted by the fact that we have in Van Buren Co. a lot of trouble 

 along these lines and I wondered if it Avas elsewhere as Avell as with us. 



Mr. Rose — We have no trouble of this kind with us. 



A member — A few miles from you whole orchards rotted out. How do 

 you account for it? 



Mr. Rose — My brother-in-law had a few King apples that are 

 rotting at the base, which is a characteristic of the King. 



A member — It seems to be all prosperity up there with you and no 

 adversity whatever. 



Mr. Rose — Yes sir. 



A member — How about the borers? 



Mr. Rose — When we first " 'ent up in that country, there were some 

 orchards that were troubled , ith borers. We have had no trouble with 

 the peach borer, but we never let the trees get infected with them. 



Q. When do you hunt the borers? 



Mr. Rose — In the fall and spring. We mound up our peach trees for 

 eighteen inches or two feet and this dirt keeps the moth from getting into 

 the trees. You know they lay their eggs in the soft wood around the 

 roots and these mounds prevent them from getting in there. 



A member. I have understood that once in a while 3^ou will find 

 a borer in the trunk of a tree if he cannot get to lay his egg at the root. 



Mr. Rose — Yes that could be so but it is not usual. 



A member — A man is planting 320 acres of an orchard. He was 

 advised to plant these 18x60 feet and he planted them. I would like 

 to ask what age of trees you would plant. 



Mr. Rose — Do not plant one year old trq,es if you can get two year 

 old. Buy your sweet cherry trees iu the fall and lieal them in. 



The member — This man put his trees in in the spring and they were 

 one year old. 



Mr. Rose — That, orchard will never amount to anything. Take up 

 those one year old trees and set them on other ground. 



Q. What do you think of the Windsor cherry? 



Mr. Rose— The trouble with the Windsor is that it is an over-bearer 

 and is liable to crack in the summer time. It has a hard firm skin. It 



