FORTIETH ANNUAL REPORT. 173 



The third column of the above table shows the percentage of fruit 

 affected with scab, including fruit so slightly affected that its market 

 value was not materially reduced, while the fourth column shows 

 the percentage of badly affected, unmerchantable fruit. The fifth column 

 shows the percentage of good, merchantable fruit obtained from each 

 plat, while the sixth column shows the percentage of culls due to scab, 

 brown-rot, curculio, and other causes. 



Plat 1 received only one application, and the results were all that 

 could be expected in a wet season, such as last spring. Although 65.2 

 per cent of the fruit was affected with scab, only 3 per cent of it was 

 badly affected. 



Plats 2 and 3, which were sprayed twice, gave the best results, only 

 a little more than 20 per cent of the fruit in each being affected with 

 scab. Most of this scab infection was commercially negligible, the spots 

 being small and rather inconspicuous. In plat 2 less than 1 per cent 

 of the fruit was badly affected, and in plat 3 only 1.4 per cent was so 

 affected. The only difference in the treatment received by these two plats 

 was the use of arsenate of lead with the self-boiled lime-sulphur in the 

 firs.t application on plat 2. - This made no difference in the control of 

 scab. It apparently raised the percentage of merchantable fruit, plat 2 

 having 95.5 per cent and plat 3 having 93.1 per cent. This difference 

 would certainly have been greater had there been more curculio in the 

 orchard. 



The good results obtained from the treatment of these two plats may 

 be better appreciated by comparing them with the results from the un- 

 sprayed trees. Practically all (99.6 per cent) of the unsprayed fruit was 

 affected with scab and 41.1 per cent of it was badly affected. Only 53.7 

 per cent of the fruit was suitable for market, leaving 46.3 per cent of 

 culls. 



Plat 5 received the same treatment as plat 3, except that both appli - 

 cations were delayed two weeks. The results indicate that one month 

 after the petals fall is a better time to begin spraying for scab than two 

 weeks later. 



Plat 6, which was sprayed with commercial lime-sulphur solution, 1 

 gallon to 100 gallons of water, had only 1.5 per cent, of fruit badly af- 

 fected with scab, although 49.3 per cent of it was affected more or less. 

 These results indicate that the scab can be held in check by a very dilute 

 solution of the lime-sulphur solution. It burned the foliage considerably 

 and caused some of the leaves to drop, but the injury almost disappeared 

 as the season advanced and the fruit matured in good condition. 



A similar test was made on the Salway variety, which ripens some 

 four weeks later than the Elberta. There were four sprayed plats, con- 

 sisting of about 80 trees each, and 17 trees were left untreated for the 

 purpose of comparison. The self-boiled lime-sulphur (8-8-50) was used 

 in each application, and arsenate of lead at the rate of 2 pounds to each 

 50 gallons was added in the first application only. 



On September 22 and 23 the crop from four trees in each plat was 

 sorted for scab and brown-rot, and the results are shown in Table VIII. 

 In this case the classification of scabby fruit was made on a commercial 

 basis; that is, the fruit having only a few small specks of scab, which 

 did not materially detract from its market value, was uot classed as 



