FORTIETH ANNUAL REPORT. 187 



Question : Have you used the niti'ute of soda to put on separately 

 11 nd if so would you put it on in the fall or the spring. 



Prof. Waite: I would wait until late spring, until after trees are 

 out in leaf. 



Mr, Welch : AN'Iumi we get to diseases I would like to say something. 

 \ye have Avorked together for nine years and have exj)erimented in every 

 way that any body was able to experiment. We dug up more than 1,000 

 ];each trees and examined the trees from the roots to the top and still 

 for all that we didn't knoAvn any more afterward than we did before, 

 but the point I wish to make is that when we started out on this ex- 

 termination plan, which was to cut out the trees so that they could not 

 spread from the bloom, Ave could see some results. It has been five years 

 now since we made the last inspection to which Prof. Waite referred in 

 that territory of six miles square and I have been pretty well over our 

 state since that time and where the disease exists, where that extermina- 

 tion work has been carried on, I find that the orchards are in better 

 shape today than anywhere else in the state where the disease exists. 

 Our point was Avhen we started out to exterminate this disease by the 

 method em})]oyed we started in with the idea that Ave didn't Avant diseased 

 blossoms to inoculate healthy blossoms and the results are that our 

 section is more free from the disease today than any part of the state of 

 Michigan where they haA'e tlie disease. 



Mr. Hartman : Has it been determined whether the yellows spreads 

 at some particular stage of the growth of the tree, for instance at blossom 

 time, or does it spread at any time and also is the disease as virulent 

 Avhen it first comes into a neighborhood as it is later? It has just come 

 into our neighborhood and we have started in to clean it up and I Avould 

 like to knoAV if it is safe to plant trees under the impression that later 

 on it Avill not be so bad as it is at present. 



Prof. Waite: I think it is usually more virulent at first. In answer to 

 the second part 'of you question, are the yellows transmitted from the 

 old cases to the ucav cases and at AA'hat period; Ave suspect only that it 

 is done in the spring of the year. In our practice AA^e think the only way 

 is to have those trees taken out. 



Question : On our bare soil I Avould like to knoAv if you would get 

 enough results from barnyard manure AA'ithout adding potash? 



Prof. Waite: I hardly think so. You do hoAveA'er, get splendid results 

 from manure in Michigan and I am basing this statement on the be- 

 haviour of trees out of Michigan rather than in Michigan. In Maryland 

 Ave use stable manure, but AA'ith it Ave use potash and lime as well. The 

 ])each tree demands lime. If the lime is not there it needs to be put 

 tliere. Many of the Avestern orchards have too much of the lime so that 

 Avhile a moderate application of stable manure may give excellent re- 

 sults yet I Avould advise the adding of phosphoric acid and potash as 

 Avell. 



Question : Prof. Waite spoke of adding nothing but arsenate of lead 

 to these mixture of lime and sulphur. Have you tried any of these to 

 knoAv Avhether they Avould burn the leaves like arsenate of soda? 



Prof. Waite: We tried several of the othere — The Kedzie formula, 

 Arsenate of Lead and Paris Green, and they made trouble. 



Question : Will the lime fertilizer for peaches apply to plums as well ? 



Prof, Waite: I think so in the main. We are now carrying on ex- 



