REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1909. 



121 



Gill, Theodore — Coutiunod. 



ner of its derivation from the 

 sharlvs, its movements in general, 

 its progression and use of its 

 liead-fins or caropteres, its food 

 and adaptations therefor, its pair- 

 ing and its viviparity. 



Clioeroclou iu place of Cboerops 



for a Labi'oid genus of fishes. 



Proc U. /S'. Nat. Mtis., xxxv. 



No. 1638, Oct. 31, 1908, 



pp. 155, 156. 



It is sliown that the name 



Chwrodon of Bleelcer (1847) 



should replace Chwrops of Ruppell 



(1852). 



Systematic zoology ; its prog- 

 ress and purpose. 



Rep. Smithsonian Inst., 



1907, No. 1842, Jan. 20, 

 1909, pp. 449-471, pis. 

 i-xiv. 



Address delivered liefore the In- 

 ternational Zoological Congress 

 with, modifications and additions. 

 The progress of zoology is con- 

 sidered under the following cap- 

 tions : John Ray ; The beginnings 

 of systematic zoology ; Carl von 

 LinnS ; Linnaean classes ; Liu- 

 naean genera ; Linnaean nomen- 

 clature ; Georges Leopold Chretien 

 Frederic Dagobert Cuvier ; Cuvier 

 and paleontology ; Cuvier and anat- 

 omy ; Cuvier's successors ; Em- 

 bryology ; Philosophical zoology ; 

 Development theory ; Sequence of 

 groups ; Histology ; Gradual de- 

 limitation of genera ; The old and 

 the new ; Prospects and needs. 

 Fourteen portraits are published. 



Recent discoveries in the his- 

 tory of the common eel. 



Science, (n. s. ) xxvni, No. 



728, Dec. 11, 1908, pp. 



845, 846. 



A record of the discoveries by J. 



Schmidt of Leptocephali of the eel 



over water of the depth of 1,000 



meters and by K. Gemzoe of the 



age of eels indicated by the scales. 



The conclusion is that " an eel 



must be from 8 to 10 years old 



before it assumes the livery of 



maturity and descends into the 



ocean to reproduce its kind ". 



Life history of the common eel. 



Trans. Am. Fisheries Soc, 



1908, pp. 115-121. 

 Stenographer's report of oral 



communication on the breeding 

 habits of the eel. The results of 

 Johann Schmidt's . are especially 

 referred to. 



Gill, Theodore. The Selachians ad- 

 mitted as a distinct class. 



Science, (n. s.) xxix. No. 

 735, Jan. 29, 1909, pp. 

 193, 194. 

 The author had claimed class- 

 rank for the Selachians since 

 1873; Hubrecht in Nov., 1908, 

 and Regan in Jan., 1909, have also 

 urged class-rank for the group. 



The Archer-fish and its feats. 



Smithsonian Misc. Colls., 



52, Quar. issue, No. 1801, 



Mar. 25, 1909, pp. 277^ 



286, figs. 58-60. 



An account of the habits of the 



Archer-fish (Toxotcs jaculator), 



based mainly on the accounts 



given by N. Zolotnitsky. 



The chief characteristics of the 

 Toxotids and their habitat, and 

 the old accounts by Hommel and 

 others are noticed ; then follow 

 statements about their swimming 

 and leaping, the use of the eyes, 

 the changes of color, their food 

 and the manner of shooting in- 

 sects out of the water, and their 

 care in confinement. The neces- 

 sity for further observations is 

 urged. 



Some notes on oral gestation in 



Cichlid fishes. 



Science, (n. s.) xxix. No. 



747, April 23, 1909, p. 



676. 

 Old observations of Wyman and 

 Putnam made in 1863 are con- 

 trasted with some made by Pelle- 

 grin in 1908. While the former 

 claimed that in Arius " it was the 

 male that took charge of the 

 egg ", in the Cichlids " it is the 

 female ". Pellegrin thought that 

 while in the Cichlids of Syria the 

 female exercised buccal incubation, 

 the male did so in the American 

 Geogaphagi. It was considered 

 by the present writer to be " im- 

 probable that the American species 

 differ so decidedly from the Afri- 

 can " and Syrian. 



Classification of the true fishes. 

 Science, (n. s.) xxix, No. 

 751, May 21, 1909, pp. 

 837, 838. 



The extant true fishes (Pisces 

 or Teleostomes) are considered to 

 be referable to 4 subclasses. Dip- 

 noi with 1 order, Crossopterygii 

 with 1, Chondroganoidei with 2, 

 and Teleostei with 31. 



