EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 187 



will show September 23 as the estimated date for the adults of the third brood. 

 On October 17 and 24, the apples were picked from one of these trees and each 

 examined for larvae. Many tiny larvae were present as well as a number of 

 quarter grown ones of various sizes ranging between. It was therefore im- 

 possible to determine in this way, whether the larvae found, were the offspring 

 of belated moths of the second generation or members of the third generation. 

 We know that there is a wide range of time over which the adults come out 

 and it is not at all impossible that these larvae were the late arrivals of the 

 second generation which were getting ready to pass the winter in the barrels 

 after picking. An examination of the wormy apples picked on September 19 

 showed that out of 800 larvae, 150 entered at the calyx, and about 650 else- 

 where, or a little under 19% at the calyx or blossom end, as against 26.1% obtained 

 by Simpson from a more extended series of counts, for the second brood. Our 

 counts for 1904 give a very different result. 



When the point of entrance is other than at the calyx, the commencement of 

 the tunnel is often where two apples touch or where an apple and a leaf touch. 

 In our cages, the eggs were laid indiscriminately on glass, foliage and some on 

 fruit, the moth seeming to greatly prefer glass. 



The experience of 1903, led to a modification of the plans in 1904. The use of 

 ten trees in an old, unsprayed, but bearing orchard was obtained, and these 

 trees were carefully scraped, all the loose bark being removed with a steel 

 scraper while moist, and bands of burlap were loosely fastened, one or two 

 about the trunk of each tree. These were utilised by the larvae for shelters 

 under which to spin cocoons. Under these conditions, it was easy to find with 

 precision, the dates when the larvae spun up, and by collecting the cocoons, and 

 placing them in cages, it was easy to find just when the adults emerged. Counts 

 were made from time to time, — every one, two or three days, and each time 

 a count was made, the total number of cocoons found was divided by the number 

 of days intervening between that count and the one immediately preceding, so 

 that a very good average was obtained. 



The season of 1904 was at least ten days late. Furthermore, at the time of 

 the first spraying, the weather was wet and the stamens were slow in drying 

 and curling up, remaining instead and filling up the calyx so that poison could 

 not penetrate. Everything was delayed throughout the season, so that dates 

 obtained- this year may with safety be put back about a week. 



The calendar for the codling-moth for this season would look something like 

 this. — 



FIRST GENERATION (1904.) 



Pupation most active. May 16, (about half larvae and half pupae), 



Sprayed, June 3. (Petals falling or fallen.) 



First adult, June 4. 



Most adults, June 10-12. 



First larvae entering apples, June 22. , 



Most larvae entering apples, July 5. 



First cocoons, July 11. 



Most cocoons, July 20. 



SECOND GENERATION. 



First adult, July 30. 



Most adults, August 5 (in cages). 



First eggs, August 3. 



Sprayed trees, August 9. 



Most eggs, August 26 (well marked). 



Larvae entering in large numbers, August 26 to September 7 



Most cocoons, September *28-30. 



This table has been compiled from a mass of data collected in various ways 

 from the field and laboratory, breeding-cages, etc., and there is reason to believe 

 that it will not come far amiss for 1904, in our State. Of course each brood 

 extends over a long period of time and the broods overlap very badly. 



Following is a table giving the results of the examination of bands for the 

 season. It gives the number of larvae that enter the bands each day for the 

 purpose of spinning cocoons. Each cocoon as soon as found, was, of course, re- 

 moved or destroyed. 



