340 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



change to pup?p, the adult moth emerging during the following June. The adult 

 is one of the large hawk-moths or humming-bird moths that visit our flower 

 gardens during the evening, to sip nectar from the flowers. They are large, 

 strong-flying moths, measuring between three and four inches from tip to tip of 

 the extended wings. The moths are grey and dark brown in color. The eggs 

 are said to be laid singly on the foliage of the plum. 



EEMEDIES. 



As these larvje are large, conspicuous and are scattered here and there over 

 the orchard, it does not pay to try to poison them. The cheapest and most 

 effective measure is to destroy them by hand whenever their work becomes 

 evident. 



AFFECTING THE FOLIAGE. 



Tent-caterpillar (see Insects affecting the apple). 

 Canker-worms (see Insects affecting the apple). 

 Fall Web-worms (see Insects affecting the apple). 

 Bud-moth (see Insects affecting the apple). 

 Rose Chafer (see Insects affecting the grape). 



AFFECTING THE FKTJIT. 



The Plum Curculio. (Conotrachelus* nenupliar.) 



The little Turk or plum curculio needs merely to be mentioned to recall un- 

 pleasant recollections to the plum, peach and apple raiser wherever the pest 

 abounds. 



Fig. 64. — The Plum Curculio, from Riley, First Annual Rep. of Si ate Entomologist of Mo. 



But one brood is raised each year, the beetle passing the winter in the adult 

 condition hidden away in rubbish, etc. In the early spring, they commence feed- 

 ing on the swelling buds. When the fruit is set, they lay their eggs therein, 

 first making a small hole in the side of the plum. After thrusting in an egg the 

 beetle carefully cuts a lunate or semicircular flap into the flesh with the egg 

 at the base of the flap. This is done to prevent the too rapid growth of the plum 

 from crushin.g the egg. The characteristic half-moon-shaped mark of the curculio 

 is found also on peach, pear, apple and cherry, besides some other fruits. The 

 cherry grub, as the plum curculio is called when found in cherry, develops just 

 as in the case of the plum, but in the other cases the result is merely to deform 

 the fruit. The young larva works in the fiesh of the plum, causing it to fall 

 early to the ground. The grub passes into the soil and changes to a pupa, after- 

 ward becoming an adult and hiding away in autumn for the winter. 



REMEDIES. 



Early in the morning and late in the evening, the beetles are more or less 

 stupid and are easily jarred from their hold on the tree to sheets, or cloth covered 

 frames. They feign death (play possum) when jarred. In order to capture them, 

 make a large frame of light wood and stretch cloth over it with a slot opening 

 to the middle, place this under the tree, so that the trunk of the tree comes 

 in the center of the frame; now strike quick sharp blows on the larger limbs 



